Improved Lossless Data Hiding for JPEG Images Based on Histogram Modification

This paper proposes a lossless and high payload data hiding scheme for JPEG images by histogram modification. The most in JPEG bitstream consists of a sequence of VLCs (variable length codes) and the appended bits. Each VLC has a corresponding RLV (run/length value) to record the AC/DC coefficients. To achieve lossless data hiding with high payload, we shift the histogram of VLCs and modify the DHT segment to embed data. Since we sort the histogram of VLCs in descending order, the filesize expansion is limited. The paper's key contribution includes: Lossless data hiding, less filesize expansion in identical pay-load and higher embedding efficiency.

本文提出了一种通过直方图修改实现的针对JPEG图像的无损且高有效载荷的数据隐藏方案。JPEG比特流中大部分由一系列可变长度编码（VLCs）和附加位组成。每个可变长度编码都有一个相应的游程/长度值（RLV）来记录交流/直流系数。为了实现高有效载荷的无损数据隐藏，我们移动可变长度编码的直方图并修改离散余弦变换（DHT）段来嵌入数据。由于我们按降序对可变长度编码的直方图进行排序，文件大小的扩展是有限的。本文的主要贡献包括：无损数据隐藏、在相同有效载荷下文件大小扩展较小以及更高的嵌入效率。