An improved inter-cluster multi-hop LEACH protocol oriented reliable transmission in WSNs

In view of the problems of the degradation of data transmission reliability and the loss of important data caused by electromagnetic interference, environmental noise and node failure in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), an improved LEACH protocol based on the differentiated service model is presented. In this protocol, the gathered data are divided into different transmission levels according to the importance of the data; when the data are forwarded by the source cluster head node, the communication links between the cluster head node and the sink node are increased with the increase of the level of data; for the data with high level, the several redundant links with multi-hops are used to ensure packets to reach the sink node, and for the data with low level, the transmission strategy with low energy consumption is adopted to transmit data packets so as to realize the balance between the energy consumption and transmission reliability in WSNs. The simulation results show that this scheme can obviously improve the transmission reliability of the important data and additional network overhead is not obvious owing to the low occurrence probability of a monitoring event. Compared to the other three protocols, this protocol has better performance, which is very suitable for the application with the requirement for high reliability in data transmission in WSNs.

针对无线传感器网络（WSNs）中存在的因电磁干扰、环境噪声和节点故障而导致的数据传输可靠性下降以及重要数据丢失等问题，提出了一种基于区分服务模型的改进型LEACH协议。在该协议中，根据数据的重要性将采集到的数据划分为不同的传输等级；当源簇头节点转发数据时，随着数据等级的升高，簇头节点与汇聚节点之间的通信链路增多；对于高等级数据，采用多跳的若干冗余链路以确保数据包到达汇聚节点，对于低等级数据，则采用低能耗的传输策略来传输数据包，从而实现无线传感器网络中能耗与传输可靠性之间的平衡。仿真结果表明，该方案能够显著提高重要数据的传输可靠性，且由于监测事件发生概率较低，额外的网络开销并不明显。与其他三种协议相比，该协议性能更佳，非常适用于无线传感器网络中对数据传输可靠性要求较高的应用场景。