基于POI数据的上海市餐饮业空间分布特征及影响因素

Taking Shanghai as the research object, based on the Point of Interest (POI) data, the kernel density analysis is used to depict the spatial pattern of the catering industry, and the OLS model, the spatial lag model and the spatial error model are constructed to explore the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of the catering industry. The results show that the spatial distribution of the catering industry presents a pattern of block aggregation and multi - center development. Among them, the western food industry is highly concentrated within the inner ring road and extends in an east - west direction; the fast food industry is massively aggregated in the central urban area and the urban - rural fringe where universities are concentrated. The results of the spatial econometric regression indicate that the distribution of the catering industry is affected by four types of factors: population, economy, transportation and space. A high level of regional economic development, a large population size, excellent transportation and rich related business forms will promote aggregation, while an overly high mixing degree of surrounding business forms will inhibit aggregation, and the urban spatial structure will also affect the distribution of the catering industry, with a higher density of the catering industry in business districts and the central urban area; there are differences in the influencing factors of the distribution of the four types of catering industries: Chinese food, western food, formal meals and fast food. Western food enterprises tend to be distributed in areas with higher land prices, Chinese food enterprises have a higher demand for traffic accessibility, the distribution of formal meal enterprises is significantly related to the local regional economic development level, and the distribution of fast food enterprises is closely related to the distribution of various cultural and entertainment public facilities.

以上海市为研究对象,基于兴趣点(POI)数据,运用核密度分析刻画餐饮业空间格局,并构建OLS模型、空间滞后模型、空间误差模型探究餐饮业空间分布的影响因素。结果发现,餐饮业空间分布呈块状聚集、多中心发展的格局。其中,西餐业高度集中于内环线以内,呈东西向延伸;快餐业在中心城区和高校集聚的城郊结合部大规模集聚。空间计量回归结果表明,餐饮业分布受到人口、经济、交通、空间4类要素的影响:区域经济发展水平高、人口规模大、交通优越、相关业态丰富会促进集聚,而周边业态的混合度过高则会抑制集聚,城市空间结构也会影响餐饮业分布,商圈、中心城区的餐饮业密度更高;中餐、西餐、正餐、快餐4类餐饮业分布的影响因素存在差异性,西餐企业倾向于分布在地价较高的地区,中餐企业对交通可达性有更高的需求,正餐企业的分布与当地区域经济发展水平显著相关,快餐企业的分布与各类文娱公共设施的分布有密切联系。