直叶片构造液力缓速器的设计与制动性能分析

Aiming at the problems of complex manufacturing processes for the structures such as axially inclined blades, closed circulating circles, and external flow channels for water inlets and outlets of traditional hydraulic retarders, a new structure of a hydraulic retarder with straight blades and a double circulating circle is proposed, which simplifies the manufacturing process. By establishing a mathematical model and using computational fluid dynamics technology for simulation and solution, the variation law of the braking torque of the retarder is obtained, and finally verified through bench tests. The results show that the variation law of the braking torque of the new hydraulic retarder is basically the same as that of the traditional hydraulic retarder. When the rotational speed of the retarder is 1,750 r/min, the braking torque can reach 1,490 N·m. The variation law of the numerical calculation and the experimental braking torque agrees well, with a maximum error of less than 12%, confirming the reliability of the theoretical calculation. Its braking performance can basically meet the vehicle's requirements for braking torque and braking stability.

针对传统液力缓速器的轴向倾斜叶片、封闭式循环圆、进出水口外流道等结构制造工艺复杂的问题,提出一种直叶片构造双循环圆液力缓速器的新结构,简化了制造工艺。通过建立数学模型,并运用计算流体动力学技术进行仿真求解,得到了缓速器的制动扭矩变化规律,最后通过台架试验进行了验证。结果表明:新型液力缓速器与传统液力缓速器的制动扭矩变化规律基本一致,在缓速器转速为1 750r/min时制动扭矩可达到1 490N·m,数值计算与试验制动扭矩的变化规律吻合较好,最大误差小于12%,证实了理论计算的可靠性,其制动性能基本能够满足车辆对制动扭矩、制动稳定性的要求。