基于生态特征分异的意大利国家公园社区发展的典型分析

The coordinated development of communities is a key and difficult point in the construction of the national park system in China. The communities in Italian national parks have a long history and have accumulated certain practical experience in community development. From the perspective of the common ecosystem of humanity and nature, on the basis of summarizing the distribution, overall development situation and development strategies of the national park communities in different ecological areas in Italy, three national park communities with representativeness of the overall ecosystem are selected, and their differentiated development characteristics are analyzed from two aspects: space and function, and industrial development; the targeted strategies for community development are explored from two dimensions: land control and industrial guidance, and project formulation; and the development problems of the national park communities in China are analyzed from three aspects: value recognition, planning content, and specific policies, and corresponding suggestions are put forward.

社区协调发展是中国国家公园体制建设中的重点与难点。意大利国家公园社区历史悠久,在社区发展方面积累了一定的实践经验。从人文与自然共同的生态系统的视角出发,在概述意大利不同生态区内国家公园社区分布、整体发展概况和发展策略的基础上,选取3个具有整体生态系统代表性的国家公园社区,从空间和功能、产业发展两方面分析了其差异化的发展特征;从土地管控、产业引导和项目制定2个维度探析了社区发展的针对性策略;并从价值认知、规划内容、具体政策三方面分析中国国家公园社区的发展问题,并提出相应建议。