Environmental analysis

This is the fourteenth annual review published in JAAS of the applications of atomic spectroscopy to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. The format used is generally similar to previous years with some alterations to sub-headings to take account of current trends in the literature. Although developments in instrumentation are not rite main focus of this review they are closely linked to applications as the ability of any new instrument development to measure a determinand at lower concentrations invariably leads to its use in the wide variety of matrices studied by the environmental scientist. As well as instrumentation, key parts of the review are the areas of sampling, sample preparation and sample introduction, which continue to be driving forces for research and publication in the environmental literature. Continuing the trend of last year's review there are an increasing number of publications on speciation of metals, in which separation techniques have been coupled to atomic spectrometry instrumentation, with particular inter est in using the very low detection limits and isotopic information that can be obtained with the nutrient generation of ICP-MS instruments. The importance of trace element determination in environmental analysis reflects the need by industry, government bodies and other interested groups to obtain reliable data on the let el of pollutants in the environment.

这是发表在《原子光谱学杂志》上的第十四篇年度综述，内容是原子光谱学在环境样品化学分析中的应用。其格式总体上与往年相似，但对小标题有所改动，以考虑文献中的当前趋势。尽管仪器的发展不是本综述的主要焦点，但它们与应用密切相关，因为任何新仪器开发在更低浓度下测量被测物的能力总是会导致其在环境科学家所研究的各种各样的基质中的应用。除仪器外，综述的关键部分还包括采样、样品制备和进样等领域，这些领域仍然是环境文献中研究和发表的驱动力。延续去年综述的趋势，有关金属形态分析的出版物数量不断增加，其中分离技术已与原子光谱仪器联用，人们对利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP - MS）新一代仪器所能获得的极低检测限和同位素信息特别感兴趣。微量元素测定在环境分析中的重要性反映了工业界、政府机构和其他相关团体对获取环境中污染物水平可靠数据的需求。