高山峡谷区滑坡灾害隐患InSAR早期识别--以雅砻江中段为例

Landslide disasters occur frequently in the western mountainous areas of our country, featuring strong concealment, high suddenness, and strong destructiveness. Early identification of disaster potential points is the most effective disaster prevention and reduction measure. The western mountainous areas are mostly alpine-gorge regions with a vast expanse, where it is difficult or even impossible for people to reach. The traditional manual inspection and early identification methods are rather difficult to implement. As an emerging radar remote sensing measurement means, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) can efficiently and accurately conduct early identification of landslide disaster potential in alpine-gorge regions. Based on the Sentinel - 1 SAR remote sensing data of the European Space Agency (ESA), this article uses the time-series InSAR technology to conduct wide-area early identification of landslide disaster potential in the alpine-gorge region from Yajiang County to Muli County in the Yalong River Basin, and successfully detects 8 potential areas. Combined with the historical data of landslide potential and the remote sensing interpretation of optical images, the identification results are verified and analyzed, and the risk level of disaster points is evaluated. The influence of geometric distortion factors on the wide-area early identification of landslide disaster potential by InSAR technology in alpine-gorge regions is also discussed. This case can provide powerful data and technical support for local disaster prevention and reduction, and offer ideas and references for the early identification of landslide disaster potential in alpine-gorge regions.

我国西部山区滑坡灾害频发,具有强隐蔽性、高突发性、强破坏性等特点,对灾害隐患点进行早期识别是最为有效的防灾减灾措施。西部山区多为高山峡谷区域且范围辽阔,人不易至甚至人不能至,传统的人工排查早期识别方法较难实施。合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(InSAR)作为新兴雷达遥感测量手段,可以高效准确地对高山峡谷区域进行滑坡灾害隐患早期识别。该文基于欧洲空间局(ESA)的哨兵一号(Sentinel-1)SAR遥感数据,利用时间序列InSAR技术对雅砻江流域雅江县-木里县段的高山峡谷区域进行了滑坡灾害隐患广域早期识别,成功探测到8处隐患区域。并结合滑坡隐患历史资料与光学影像遥感解译对识别结果进行了验证与分析,对灾害点风险等级进行了评定。并探讨了几何畸变因素对高山峡谷区域InSAR技术滑坡灾害隐患广域早期识别的影响。该案例可为当地的防灾减灾提供有力的数据与技术支持,并为高山峡谷区的滑坡灾害隐患早期识别提供思路与参考。