中国非人灵长类声音通讯研究进展

Vocal communication is widespread among non-human primates (hereinafter referred to as primates for short) and has functions such as maintaining social stability, defending against natural enemies, protecting food resources and territories. The study of primate vocal communication also有助于理解人类语言进化. There are 27 species of primates in 8 genera and 3 families in China, making it one of the countries with the richest primate resources in the world, which provides excellent innate conditions for the study of primate vocal communication. This article comprehensively reviews and summarizes the research on primate vocal communication in China from aspects such as the vocal organs and vocalization mechanisms of primates, vocal repertoires, spectrogram characteristics of vocal signals, the use of vocal signals and the transmission of information. Currently, the research on primate vocal communication in China is still relatively weak. Most of the research is concentrated in the initial stage of establishing vocal repertoires, and the research mainly focuses on a few species such as the Eastern Black Crested Gibbon (Nomascus nasutus), the Western Black Crested Gibbon (Nomascus concolor), the Hainan Gibbon (Nomascus hainanus), the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) and the Tibetan Macaque (Macaca thibetana). This article also looks forward to the future research directions of primate vocal communication in China.

声音通讯普遍存在于非人灵长类动物（后简称灵长类）中，具有维持社群稳定、防御天敌、防卫食物资源和领域等功能。灵长类声音通讯的研究也有助于理解人类语言进化。我国有3 科8 属 27 种灵长类，是世界上灵长类最为丰富的国家之一，这为灵长类声音通讯研究提供了良好的先天条件。本文从灵长类的发声器官和发声机制、声音曲目、声音信号的语图特征、声音信号的使用及信息的传递等方面对我国灵长类的声音通讯研究进行全面回顾和综述。当前，我国灵长类声音通讯的研究还相对薄弱,大多研究集中在建立声音曲目的研究初期阶段，且研究主要集中在东黑冠长臂猿Nomascus nasutus、西黑冠长臂猿Nomascus concolor、海南长臂猿Nomascus hainanus、川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana和藏酋猴Macaca thibetana 等少数物种。本文还展望了我国灵长类声音通讯在未来的研究方向。