人工智能助力检验医学发展

Since 2017, China, the United States and the European Union have successively released national strategic development plans for artificial intelligence (AI). The history of humanity is about to usher in the fourth industrial revolution with "intelligence" as the main theme. In the field of medical testing, the explosion of theories and technologies of artificial intelligence will also provide new directions for the development of medical testing theories, methods and applications. This article first starts from the theoretical and practical foundations of artificial intelligence, introduces the development process of artificial intelligence and the frontier progress of the three major elements of algorithms, data and computing power, and then combines the key application dimensions of medical testing to elaborate on the combined innovation of "AI + testing", including specimen collection robots, sample dilution robots and sample transfer robots involved in the processing of test specimens; the exploration of test items such as tumor markers and pharmacogenomics; test cell morphology, test data processing, auxiliary diagnosis models and Internet medical testing, etc. With the advent of the Industry 4.0 era, artificial intelligence technology will surely promote medical testing to develop from the automated stage to a higher-level intelligent stage.

2017年以来,中国、美国和欧盟先后发布了国家级人工智能(AI)战略发展规划,人类历史即将迎来以“智能化”为主旋律的第四次工业革命。在医疗检验领域,人工智能的理论和技术爆发也将为医学检验理论、方法与应用的发展提供新方向,本文首先从人工智能的理论与实践基础出发,介绍人工智能的发展历程以及算法、数据和算力三大要素的前沿进展,进而结合医学检验的关键应用维度,阐述“AI+检验”的结合创新,包括涉及检验标本处理的标本采集机器人、样本稀释机器人和样本传送机器人;检验项目挖掘如肿瘤标志物和药物基因组学;检验细胞形态学、检验数据处理、辅助诊断模型和互联网医学检验等。随着工业4.0时代的到来,人工智能技术必将推动医学检验从自动化发展到更高阶的智能化阶段。