脱涡致振式压电风力发电机性能分析与试验

In order to meet the power supply requirements of the agricultural remote sensing monitoring system and reduce the pollution of water and soil caused by chemical batteries, a vortex-induced vibration piezoelectric wind generator is proposed and studied from both theoretical and experimental aspects. The theoretical model of the vortex-induced vibration piezoelectric wind generator is established. The effects of the windward angle, the length of the piezoelectric vibrator and the wind speed on the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator are studied through simulation analysis, and the prototype of the generator is tested. The results show that there are two optimal windward angles at different wind speeds, resulting in a larger output voltage of the generator. When the length of the piezoelectric vibrator is 60 and 78 mm and the wind speeds are 7.6, 11.6 and 12.4 m/s, the two optimal windward angles are (35°, 135°), (45°, 125°), (50°, 120°) and (35°, 120°), (40°, 115°), (45°, 110°) respectively. When the windward angle is 120°, there is an optimal wind speed that makes the output voltage of the generator reach the maximum. With the increase of the length of the piezoelectric vibrator, the optimal wind speed decreases from 12.4 m/s to 8.4 m/s, and the corresponding maximum output voltage increases from 16.6 V to 16.8 V. When the external resistance is 150 kΩ and the windward angle is 30°, the maximum output power measured in the experiment is 1 mW. The research shows that determining a reasonable windward angle and the length of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the actual wind speed can improve the power generation capacity of the generator.

为满足农业遥感监测系统的供电需求,减少化学电池对水和土壤的污染,提出一种脱涡致振式压电风力发电机,并从理论和试验两方面进行了研究。建立了脱涡致振式压电风力发电机的理论模型,通过仿真分析研究迎风角、压电振子长度及风速对压电振子变形量的影响,并对发电机样机进行了测试试验。结果表明,不同风速下均存在两个最佳迎风角,使发电机输出电压较大,压电振子长度为60、78 mm,风速为7.6、11.6、12.4 m/s时的两个最佳迎风角分别为(35°,135°)、(45°,125°)、(50°,120°)和(35°,120°)、(40°,115°)、(45°,110°)。当迎风角为120°时,存在最佳风速,使发电机输出电压达到最大;随着压电振子长度的增加,最佳风速由12.4 m/s降低到8.4 m/s,其对应的最大输出电压由16.6 V增加为16.8 V。当外接电阻为150 kΩ、迎风角为30°时,试验测得最大输出功率为1 mW。研究表明,根据实际风速确定合理的迎风角及压电振子长度可提高发电机的发电能力。