北斗二代导航卫星系统地壳运动监测能力

In order to evaluate the technical capability of the BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) to monitor crustal deformation in mainland China, the GAMIT/GLOBK software was used to process the global positioning system (GPS) and BDS - 2 dual - mode observation data of 23 reference stations in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China from 2017 to 2019. The results show that the single - day station positioning accuracies of BDS - 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions are approximately 5 - 7 mm and 13 mm respectively, the relative positioning accuracy of the baseline in the horizontal component reaches 3 - 4 mm + (1 - 2)×10⁻⁸, and the accuracy of horizontal displacement velocity determination is approximately 0.6 mm/a. The precise positioning level of BDS - 2 is roughly equivalent to that of GPS in the early 1990s and can be used to determine large - scale plate motion and intra - plate deformation. However, due to the limitations of the satellite constellation and orbit determination accuracy, it cannot accurately reflect the seasonal variation state. As a supplement to the existing GPS monitoring, it can increase the monitoring accuracy of crustal movement at the reference station on a 3 - year scale by up to 20%.

为了评估北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou navigation satellite system,BDS)监测中国大陆地区地壳变形的技术能力,利用GAMIT/GLOBK软件处理了2017-2019年中国大陆构造环境监测网络23个基准站的全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)与BDS-2双模观测数据。结果显示,北斗二代的水平和垂向单日测站定位精度分别约为5~7 mm和13 mm,基线相对定位精度水平分量达到3~4 mm+(1~2)×10~(-8),水平位移速度测定精度约为0.6 mm/a。北斗二代的精密定位水平大致与20世纪90年代初GPS相当,可用于测定大尺度的板块运动及板内变形,但受卫星星座和定轨精度限制,不能准确反映季节性变动状态。作为对现有GPS监测的补充,可将基准站3年尺度的地壳运动监测精度最多提高20%。