新疆哈萨克族传统风干肉中细菌多样性分析及安全评价

In order to evaluate the safety of bacteria and the flora structure in the traditional air-dried meat in three Kazakh-inhabited areas in Xinjiang, the gene sequences of the V4 - V5 region of bacterial 16S rRNA in the samples of traditionally hand-made air-dried meat were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. A total of 1,788,749 pairs of effective gene sequence bands and 308 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) numbers were obtained. Among them, 237 OTU numbers were shared by the 3 groups, and only 13 OTU numbers were shared by 26 samples. The results showed that at the bacterial genus level, Psychrobacter (30.76%) and Brochothrix (7.82%) were the dominant flora in the samples. Lactic acid bacteria such as Carnobacterium (2.59%), Leuconostoc (2.20%), Enterococcus (1.06%) and Micrococcus (1.69%), Staphylococcus (1.60%) were also detected. There is rich bacterial diversity in the traditional air-dried meat of the Kazakhs in Xinjiang, and it contains a large number of conditional pathogenic bacteria, which has certain food safety hazards.

为评价新疆3个哈萨克族聚居区的传统风干肉中细菌的安全性及菌群结构,对传统手工制作的风干肉样品中细菌16S rRNA V4-V5区基因序列进行IlluminaMiSeq高通量测序,共获得1 788 749对有效的基因序列条带,308个运算分类单位(OTU)数目。其中,237个OTU数目为3组所共有,仅13个OTU数目是26个样品所共有的。结果表明:在细菌属水平,嗜冷杆菌属(30.76%)、环丝菌属(7.82%)为样品中的优势菌群,肉杆菌属(2.59%)、明串珠菌属(2.20%)、肠球菌属(1.06%)等乳酸菌和微球菌(1.69%)、葡萄球菌(1.60%)也有检出。新疆哈萨克族传统风干肉中存在丰富的细菌多样性,且含有大量的条件致病菌,具有一定的食品安全隐患。