Citrofulvicin, an Antiosteoporotic Polyketide from Penicillium velutinum

Citrofulvicin (1), along with its early shunt product fulvionol (2), was characterized as a skeletally unprecedented antiosteoporotic agent from a human sputum-derived fungus Penicillium velutinum. The unique citrofulvicin framework is likely formed by a nonenzymatic intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition between heptake-tide-based intermediates. Citrofulvicin and fulvionol were demonstrated to be osteogenic at 0.1 mu M in the prednisolone-induced osteoporotic zebrafish.

枸橼酸黄曲霉素（1）及其早期分支产物黄曲霉素醇（2）被鉴定为一种来自人痰液源真菌绒毛青霉的具有全新骨架的抗骨质疏松剂。独特的枸橼酸黄曲霉素骨架可能是由基于庚肽的中间体之间发生非酶促分子间狄尔斯 - 阿尔德环加成反应形成的。在泼尼松龙诱导的骨质疏松斑马鱼模型中，枸橼酸黄曲霉素和黄曲霉素醇在0.1μM浓度下被证明具有促成骨作用。