过渡金属催化不饱和烃与有机金属试剂及CO_2的串联羧化反应研究进展

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) has the advantages of abundant reserves, non-toxicity, non-pollution, and being green and clean as a C1 synthon. Therefore, the reaction using CO₂ as a C1 synthon has always received extensive attention in the field of organic chemistry. The synthesis of carboxylic acids by the reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons with CO₂ catalyzed by transition metals is one of the important applications of CO₂ as a C1 synthon. This type of reaction can be achieved through a tandem carboxylation strategy. The transition metal-catalyzed unsaturated hydrocarbons first react with organometallic reagents to generate new organometallic reagents in situ, and then complete the carboxylation with CO₂. Commonly used organometallic reagents such as Grignard reagents, organozinc reagents, and organoaluminum reagents can all complete this type of reaction. According to the category of unsaturated hydrocarbons and the type of carboxylation reaction, the tandem carboxylation reaction of transition metal-catalyzed unsaturated hydrocarbons with organometallic reagents and CO₂ is introduced.

二氧化碳(CO_2)作为一碳合成子具有储量丰富、无毒无污染、绿色清洁等优点,因此在有机化学领域使用CO_2作为一碳合成子反应一直以来受到广泛的关注.过渡金属催化不饱和烃与CO_2反应合成羧酸是CO_2作为一碳合成子的重要应用之一,这类反应可以通过串联羧化的策略实现,过渡金属催化不饱和烃先与有机金属试剂反应在原位生成新的有机金属试剂,之后再与CO_2完成羧化.常用的有机金属试剂如格氏试剂、有机锌试剂和有机铝试剂均能够完成这类反应.根据不饱和烃的类别,并根据羧化反应的类型介绍过渡金属催化不饱和烃与有机金属试剂及CO_2的串联羧化反应.