Neuropsychological functioning in hoarding disorder.

Hoarding disorder (HD) is increasingly viewed as distinct from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In particular, some researchers have suggested that HD is characterized by substantial problems of neurocognitive function; however, HD patients have not yet been compared to OCD patients in this respect. The aim of the present study was to compare neuropsychological test performance in HD patients (n = 27), OCD patients (n = 12), and healthy controls (n = 26). Consistent with previous research, HD patients showed an attenuated ability to sustain attention and poorer employment of adaptive memory strategies compared to healthy controls. HD and OCD patients did not differ significantly on these measures, although moderate effect sizes suggested that hoarders showed somewhat greater attenuation of attentional capacity. Rates of true impairment on any particular neuropsychological test were fairly low across all three groups, although 67% of HD patients (compared to 58% of OCD patients and 42% of healthy controls) scored in the impaired range on at least one measure (odds ratio = 2.22). Results are discussed in terms of emerging conceptualizations of HD as a distinct illness.

囤积障碍（HD）越来越被视为与强迫症（OCD）不同。特别是，一些研究人员提出，囤积障碍的特征是神经认知功能存在重大问题；然而，在这方面尚未将囤积障碍患者与强迫症患者进行比较。本研究的目的是比较囤积障碍患者（n = 27）、强迫症患者（n = 12）和健康对照组（n = 26）的神经心理学测试表现。与先前的研究一致，与健康对照组相比，囤积障碍患者表现出持续注意力的能力减弱以及适应性记忆策略的运用较差。囤积障碍患者和强迫症患者在这些指标上没有显著差异，尽管中等效应量表明囤积者的注意力能力减弱程度稍大。在所有三个组中，任何特定神经心理学测试中真正受损的比率都相当低，尽管67%的囤积障碍患者（相比之下，强迫症患者为58%，健康对照组为42%）在至少一项指标上得分处于受损范围（优势比 = 2.22）。研究结果根据将囤积障碍视为一种独特疾病的新兴概念进行了讨论。