长白山地丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤动物群落生态分布特征

Four land use types, including secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest, shrub forest, logged area, and cultivated land, were selected in the mountainous and hilly area of Changbai Mountain to study the composition, diversity, and distribution characteristics of the soil fauna community. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the horizontal distribution of the soil fauna community among different land use types. The seasonal changes in the individual density of medium-sized soil fauna in the logged area and the number of groups of medium-sized soil fauna in the cultivated land were obvious. The distribution of soil fauna in the secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest and shrub forest decreased sharply with the deepening of the soil layer, while the vertical distribution in the logged area and cultivated land decreased slowly. The richness index and diversity index of soil fauna in the same season differed significantly among different land use types. The diversity of soil fauna was the highest in the shrub forest and the lowest in the cultivated land. Different land use types affected the ecological distribution of the soil fauna community, among which pH, soil organic matter, available phosphorus, and available nitrogen were the dominant factors affecting the distribution of the soil fauna community in different land use types in the mountainous and hilly area of Changbai Mountain.

在长白山地丘陵区选择次生落叶阔叶林、灌木林、采伐迹地以及耕地四种土地利用方.式，对其土壤动物群落的组成、多样性和分布特征进行研究。结果表明：不同土地利用方式土壤动物.群落的水平分布呈现明显的差异。采伐迹地中型土壤动物个体密度和耕地中型土壤动物类群数季节变.化明显。次生落叶阔叶林和灌木林土壤动物分布随土层加深急剧减少，采伐迹地和耕地垂直分布递减.和缓。同一季节土壤动物的丰富度指数和多样性指数在不同土地利用方式差异显著。土壤动物的多样.性表现为灌木林最高，耕地最低。不同土地利用方式影响土壤动物群落的生态分布，其中pH、土壤有.机质、有效磷和速效氮是影响长白山地丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤动物群落分布的主导因子。