微生物合成2,3-丁二醇的代谢工程

2,3 - Butanediol (2,3 - BD) is an important microbial metabolite and is widely used in many fields such as food, medicine, and chemical industry. The low efficiency of microbial synthesis of 2,3 - BD has always restricted the industrialization process of its bio - manufacturing. Applying the theories and methods of metabolic engineering to optimize the metabolic pathways of microorganisms is expected to solve this problem. This article comprehensively summarizes the strain modification and construction techniques in the research process of microbial synthesis of 2,3 - BD in recent years, including overexpressing the key enzyme - encoding genes in the synthesis pathway, knocking out the key enzyme - encoding genes in the bypass metabolic pathway, applying cofactor engineering means to redesign and rationally modify the metabolic network of natural strains, and using synthetic biology techniques to construct a brand - new metabolic pathway in model strains to achieve the efficient biosynthesis of 2,3 - BD.

2,3-丁二醇（2,3-BD）是一种重要的微生物代谢产物,广泛应用于食品、医药、化工等多个领域。微生物合成2,3-BD的效率不高一直制约着其生物制造工业化进程,应用代谢工程的理论和方法优化微生物的代谢途径有望解决这一问题。本文全面总结了近年来微生物合成2,3-BD研究过程中的菌株改造和构建技术,包括过表达合成途径中的关键酶编码基因、敲除旁路代谢途径关键酶编码基因、应用辅因子工程手段对天然菌株代谢网络进行重新设计和合理改造,以及利用合成生物学技术在模式菌株中构建全新的代谢途径,实现2,3-BD的高效生物合成