考虑轮齿修形的电动车轮边减速器动态啮合性能研究

In order to reveal the meshing characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the electric vehicle wheel-side reducer considering the modification conditions, three tooth modification schemes are proposed, and the meshing model of the electric vehicle wheel-side reducer is established to obtain the tooth meshing marks under different modification schemes. Considering the system stiffness excitation and transmission error excitation under the modification conditions, a dynamic model of the multi-body and multi-degree-of-freedom system of the electric vehicle wheel-side reducer is established to obtain the system dynamic meshing force and dynamic bearing support response. The results show that under the unmodified condition, the distribution of the tooth meshing marks is poor and the edge contact is obvious; the linear modification in the tooth direction and the crowning modification of the high-speed stage alone can effectively improve the meshing marks, and the linear modification in the tooth direction combined with the crowning modification and the crowning modification or the pressure angle modification in the tooth profile of the low-speed stage can effectively improve the meshing marks; the three modification schemes significantly improve the transmission error and dynamic meshing force of the input high-speed stage and the output low-speed stage, as well as the dynamic bearing support response of each shaft, and it is recommended to adopt the linear or crowning modification in the tooth direction combined with the crowning modification in the tooth profile in the design of the electric vehicle wheel-side reducer.

为揭示考虑修形条件下电动车轮边减速器啮合特性与动态特性，提出三种轮齿修形方案，建立电动车轮边减速器啮合模型，获取不同修形方案下的轮齿啮合印痕；考虑修形条件下的系统刚度激励与传动误差激励，建立了电动车轮边减速器多体多自由度系统动力学模型，获取系统动态啮合力与动态轴承支承响应。结果表明未修形条件下，轮齿啮合印痕分布较差，边缘接触明显；高速级单独齿向线性修形与起鼓修形可有效改善啮合印痕，低速级齿向采用线性修形配合起鼓修形，齿形采用起鼓修形或压力角修形可有效改善啮合印痕；三种修形方案使得输入高速级与输出低速级传动误差与动态啮合力，各轴动态轴承支承响应均明显改善，推荐在电动车轮边减速器设计中采用齿向线性或起鼓修形配合齿形起鼓修形。