具有温敏性与光热转换性双功能智能化的雾水收集材料构建及其应用研究

Water resource shortage has been a severe problem restricting the economic and social development of our country. While the fog water resources are abundant in China, their utilization is merely about 20% due to the limitations of existing technologies. Therefore, developing highly efficient fog water collection materials is pivotal to the practical utilization of fog water resources. Herein this project aims to design a smart dual-function fog collection material based on grafting tri-block copolymer (A-B-A) on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (RGO): On one hand, the thermosensitive yet hydrophilic A chains in the copolymer could stretch out to effectively capture and store fog water at low temperature, and concurrently the hydrophobic B chain enables to slide or rebound fog water to chain A, thereby improving the efficacy in fog water collection; On the other hand, RGO as one of photothermal conversion materials, is capable of converting solar energy into thermal energy to increase the temperature of A chains, which makes A chains shrinking by hundreds of times in volume, resulting in the release of the absorbed fog water for intelligent water collection. In this project, we will systematically investigate the correlations between the structure and the thermosensitivity of tri-block copolymers, and elucidate the synergistic effect of the thermosensitivity and photothermal conversion of the dual-function material on fog water collection. This study will shed light on the design of other smart fog water collection materials, opening a new window in solving the problem of water resource shortage.

水资源短缺已经成为制约我国经济和社会发展的难题，开发利用雾水资源或是解决该难题的有效途径。我国雾水资源量丰富，但由于现有技术的制约，雾水资源的利用率仅为20%左右。因此，开发高效的雾水收集材料是当前雾水资源利用的关键。本项目拟设计一种基于三嵌段聚合物（A-B-A）接枝还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）的智能化双功能雾水收集材料：一方面，三嵌段聚合物的A链具有温敏性，在低温时，其亲水性使链伸长，可以有效地捕捉和存储雾水，而疏水性的B链可以将雾水滑动或者反弹到两端的A链，从而提高雾水收集能力；另一方面，RGO具有光热转换性，可以快速将太阳能转换成热能，使A链温度升高并发生数百倍的体积收缩，释放吸附的雾水，从而达到智能化雾水收集的目的。本项目将系统研究三嵌段聚合物的结构对其温敏性的影响规律，揭示材料的光热转换性和温敏性对雾水收集的协同作用机制，为开发智能化雾水收集材料，解决水资源短缺的难题提供了新思路。