通用航空器的活塞发动机增压系统安全性分析模型及风险控制策略理论与方法研究

Piston engine has been the important and majority choice for general aviation power system. With the future opening up of our country’s airspace, it is an effective way to use turbocharging technology to solve the problem of power coastdown and high gas mileage in high altitude. However, due to the dramatically increasing complexity of systems, tackling the safety issues associated with turbocharger is becoming urgent. Thus, how to decompostion and identification the failure model in actual motion and how to build the accurate control strategy to control failure risk in operation matintenance become the key of general aviation safe operation. ..The project effectively captures two key essences of complex system safety analysis as overcoming the shortcomings from human subjective judgement and human experience and identifying the key influence factors for coupling failure problem. Thus, in order to guarantee the safety of general aviation, the model-based system safety analysis as a new safety analysis method is introduced into the turbocharing system of aero-engine to achieve the location of the key factor of coupling failure in actual motion and to build the accurately failure control strategy for turbocharing system and elastic check intervals for key rotor parts...There are three main core technologies in this research: 1) the system safety analysis model of turbocharging pistion engine validated by experiments. 2) location the key factor of failure and build the control strategy of failure risk. 3) build the elastic check intervals for whole life of key rotor parts basd on probabilistic failure risk assessment.

航空活塞发动机是通用航空器动力的重要选择并占绝对多数，随着我国空域开放，采用涡轮增压技术是解决高空飞行功率下降、油耗增高的有效途径，但由于涡轮增压器大幅增加了动力系统复杂程度，与增压器相关的安全问题日趋严峻。如何在实际运行中分解和辨识失效模式及其影响，并在运行维护中精确制定失效风险控制策略是保证通用航空运行安全的关键。本项目敏锐的抓住复杂系统安全性分析的本质是“克服主观及对经验的依赖”、“辨识耦合失效关键影响因素”这两个关键点，将基于模型的系统安全性分析新方法引入航空活塞发动机增压系统，对实际运行中耦合失效的关键影响因素进行定位，形成运行维护中的精确风险控制策略及关键部件弹性检查间隔，保证通用航空器安全性。项目拟突破的三个核心技术：1）经实验验证的增压活塞发动机系统安全性分析模型的建立；2）运行中失效关键影响因素的定位及风险控制策略；3）基于核心转子件服役期内失效风险评估的弹性检查间隔。