纸类多瓦楞夹层结构的缓冲吸能机制的研究

The paper-type laminate structures with multi-corrugation core layers belong to light and porous materials and have importance for enhancing the reliability of packaging protection. For their dynamic compression carrying capacity and function of cushioning and energy absorption during transport packaging environment (e.g. drop shock of package article), in the application project we firstly intend to synchronously take into account the compression deformation of corrugation framework and the compression and flow behavior of air within corrugation structure, take these structures as a laminated plate model with multi-corrugation core layers which has solid and gas coupling characterization, and investigate the physical model, constitutive relationship, movement governing equation and finite element simulation analysis of the fundamental structures and derivative structures of paper-type laminate structures with multi-corrugation core layers by using the following theories and laws, for example, the laminate theory with multi-corrugation core layers considering the transverse shear deformation and elastic deformation of corrugation core layers, theory of impact dynamics, Bernoulli's equation in fluid dynamics and state equation of perfect gas. Secondly, we plan to study and describe the general influences of the structural parameters (number of core layers, layer direction, flute type), the sinusoidal corrugation core parameters (wavelength, height), drop shock energy (controlled by the weight of drop block and drop height), the air pressure within corrugation structure on the compression deformation, strength criterion, failure mode, dynamic property parameters (stiffness factor, damping factor) and energy absorption, and obtain the mechanism of drop shock compression deformation and the mechanism of cushioning and energy absorption on the paper-type laminate structures with multi-corrugation core layers. Lastly, on the basis of the research works above, we intend to develop novel structures with paper-type sandwiches according to the main characterization of sinusoidal corrugation core and hexagonal honeycomb core, and analyze their compression failure mode and mechanism of cushioning and energy absorption.

纸类多瓦楞夹层结构属于轻质多孔材料，对提高包装防护可靠性具有重要意义。针对这类结构材料在运输包装环境中的动态承载和缓冲吸能作用，本项目拟同时考虑瓦楞骨架压缩变形和孔隙气体压缩流动行为，将这类结构视为固-气相耦合多瓦楞夹层板模型，利用计入横向剪切与压缩变形的多瓦楞夹芯层合板理论、冲击动力学理论、伯努利压力方程、理想气体状态方程，研究基本结构、衍生结构的物理模型、本构关系、运动控制方程、有限元模拟，表征结构参数（夹芯数量、铺设方向、瓦楞类型）、正弦瓦楞参数（周期、高度）、跌落冲击能量（跌落高度、冲击块重量）、瓦楞孔隙气体压力对整体结构的压缩变形、强度准则、失效模式、动态特性参数（刚度系数、阻尼系数）、吸能特性的综合影响规律，揭示纸类多瓦楞夹层结构的跌落冲击压缩变形机理及缓冲吸能机制。基于上述研究，结合正弦瓦楞、六边蜂窝夹芯结构的主要特征，研制分析纸类夹层新型结构的缓冲吸能机制及压缩失效模式。

本项目针对瓦楞夹层结构在横向压缩载荷作用下的变形吸能作用，研究了单瓦楞夹层板的变形模式、能量吸收曲线、压缩速率对吸能特性的影响，结果显示能量吸收能力主要由瓦楞芯层的变形机制支配。在此基础上，研究了瓦楞单元的弹塑性变形特征，计算了瓦楞芯层的弹性屈服强度、压溃强度、能量吸收特性，结果表明瓦楞芯层的弹塑性变形及屈服是这种结构横向压缩吸能的主要机制，多瓦楞芯层表现出逐层压溃规律，楞型、铺设角度对压缩变形与缓冲吸能特性有明显的影响，且正交铺设的多瓦楞夹层板具有更好的抵抗压缩和缓冲吸能作用。对比研究了三种空枕型瓦楞纸板衬垫结构在不同跌落高度下的动态缓冲特性和不同静应力下的振动特性，结果表明空枕体积、类似拱形结构对这类结构的缓冲吸能特性有明显影响。此外，基于典型体积单元概念和应变能的均质化方法，研究了双向折叠夹芯的力学性能，分析了弹性模量、泊松比与夹芯高度的关系曲线。采用夹层板等效方法、正交各向异性弹性薄板的小挠度弯曲及屈曲理论，分析了瓦楞薄壁六面体空腔结构的垂直压缩变形和侧板屈曲，研究了相邻侧板的凸鼓/内凹变形模式和临界载荷。这些研究为夹层纸板缓冲吸能结构的包装防护应用提供了理论基础和实践经验。

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