氧化锌空心球/二氧化钛花-棒复合材料的制备、表征及光电特性研究

Nanostructured titanium dioxide is often used as a photoanode substrate for quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) due to its superior optical and electrical properties, while nanostructured zinc oxide with similar band gap to titanium dioxide and larger electron mobility is also commonly used as photoanode substrate in QDSSCs. In this project, we propose a novel ZnO hollow spheres/TiO2 flower-rod composites photoanode substrate for QDSSCs to solve the problem of low specific surface area of single ordered structures and a large probability of recombination of electrons and holes of stack nanoparticles in sensitized solar cells. In this composite structure, the underlying TiO2 nanorods can provide direct channels for electron transport to enhance the electron transport efficiency; the upper TiO2 flowers and ZnO hollow spheres increase the specific surface area, which can adsorb more quantum dots, enhancing the light harvesting capability. Moreover, the upper TiO2 flowers and ZnO hollow spheres can also act as a scattering layer to improve the light utilization efficiency and ultimately enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the QDSSCs.

纳米结构的二氧化钛因其具有优越的光学、电学特性常作为光阳极基底应用于量子点敏化太阳能电池（QDSSCs），而纳米结构的氧化锌因其具有与二氧化钛相似的带隙，较大的电子迁移率也常作为光阳极基底应用于QDSSCs。本项目提出一种新颖的ZnO空心球/TiO2花-棒复合材料光阳极基底并应用于QDSSCs，解决单一有序结构应用于敏化太阳能电池中比表面积低及纳米颗粒堆积造成电子与空穴复合几率大的问题。该复合结构中，底层TiO2纳米棒可以为电子的传输提供直接通道，提升电子传输效率；上层TiO2花及ZnO空心球增加比表面积，可以吸附较多量子点，提升对光的捕获能力；此外上层TiO2花及ZnO空心球还可作为散射层，提高光的利用率，并最终提升QDSSCs的光电转换效率。