基于DNAzyme和金属有机框架纳米片的新型铀酰离子传感方法研究

Uranyl ion (UO22+) has great risk to ecological environment and human health due to its highly chemical and radioactive toxicity. It is of great importance to develop novel sensing strategies with high efficiency for the selective detection of trace UO22+ in the environment. Recently, UO22+-specific DNAzyme (i.e. UO22+-DNAzyme) has been isolated using in vitro selection. It exhibits great potential in the selective detection of UO22+. By combining the merits of UO22+-DNAzyme and fluorescent (FL) or electrochemiluminescent (ECL) techniques, there is a possibility to establish high-efficiency sensing platform for the selective and sensitive determination of UO22+. Nowadays, the research on UO22+-DNAzyme based FL or ECL sensors is still in its infancy. The high selectivity of UO22+-DNAzyme towards UO22+ could be fully exploited in the FL and ECL sensors in the further research work. Additionally, metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets show promising potential in the FL and ECL sensing fields; however, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report on FL or ECL sensing strategies based on UO22+-DNAzyme and MOF nanosheets. In this project, a series of MOF nanosheets with different functions would be designed and prepared, and they could be employed as high-efficiency quencher or luminophore in the FL or ECL sensing field. By taking the advantage of high selectivity of UO22+-DNAzyme towards UO22+, novel FL and ECL sensing platforms based on MOF nanosheets could be constructed for the UO22+ determination in the environment. This project would provide a new alternative approach for the selective detection of actinides other than uranium, as well as enrich the foundation of radioanalytical chemistry.

铀酰具有化学和放射性毒性，对生态环境和公众健康存在威胁，需构建高效的传感方法用于环境样品中微痕量铀酰分析。研究者已筛选了对铀酰具有特异性识别能力的DNAzyme，其在铀酰的选择性检测中具有潜力；其与荧光（FL）或电致化学发光（ECL）技术结合，有望实现铀酰的高灵敏度分析。目前基于铀酰-DNAzyme的FL或ECL传感器尚处于初级研究阶段，铀酰-DNAzyme在FL和ECL传感器中的优势未得到充分发挥，需进一步拓展。金属有机框架（MOF）纳米片在FL和ECL传感领域具有前景，迄今，基于铀酰-DNAzyme和MOF纳米片的传感方法尚未见报道。本项目将设计制备多种MOF纳米片，作为高效猝灭体或发光体应用于FL或ECL传感领域，结合铀酰-DNAzyme对铀酰的特异性识别能力，开展新型铀酰分析传感方法研究。本项目将为其它锕系元素的选择性检测提供新思路，丰富放射分析化学的技术储备。

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