战场电磁环境与电磁武器的细胞效应实验剂量学研究

In vitro experiments on the cellular effects of electromagnetic exposure have addressed the frequencies of the mobile communication in civil usage. Relatively limited work was carried out with respect to the battlefield electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic weapons. There lacks experimental dosimetry and systems on the in vitro effects of radar, microwave warning device, millimeter-wave sensor, electromagnetic ejector, electromagnetic gun, directed energy weapon, etc. The experimental study with civil frequencies has been troubled with the low exposure efficiency and uniformity. This project will provide the experimental dosimetry and systems with complete band coverage and deeply optimized for the in vitro experiments on the battlefield electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic weapons. First, a deep study on the closed and open electromagnetic exposures will analyze the exposure efficiency, exposure uniformity, and the electromagnetic-field structure in the cell sample. The coupling law between the exposure setup and the cell sample is to be mastered, and then is the key factors controlling the exposure quality. Next, novel designs, such as the inclined exposure, matching dielectrics, choke rings, etc, are to be introduced. With the optimization of the multi-dimensional parameters on the complicated geometrical and electromagnetic structures, the specific absorption rate (SAR) will be improved with the increased average and the reduced standard deviation, as well as the effective control of the cell temperature. Finally, the project will fabricate the deeply optimized experimental system that operates with accuracy, reliability, and stability, serving the in vitro experiments on the exposure effects of the battlefield electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic weapons.

电磁辐射细胞效应实验研究的重点一向在民用移动通信频率，有关战场电磁环境和电磁武器的研究相对有限。雷达、微波告警机、毫米波传感器、电磁弹射器、电磁炮、定向能武器等等，都缺乏细胞效应的实验剂量分析和实验系统，民用频率的实验研究也长期存在辐射效率和辐射均匀度较低的问题。本项目为战场电磁环境和电磁武器的细胞效应实验提供频段完整、深度优化的实验剂量和实验系统。首先，对封闭式和开放式电磁辐射做深度研究，分析辐射效率、辐射均匀度和细胞样品的电磁场结构，掌握辐射装置与细胞样品之间电磁耦合的规律，确定控制辐射质量的关键因素；其次，引入创新设计，如倾斜辐射、匹配介质、扼流圈，等等，优化复杂几何和电磁结构中的高维设计参数，明显提高比吸收率(SAR)的均值，降低SAR的标准偏差，有效控制细胞温度。最后，本项目建立深度优化的实验系统，实现准确、可靠和稳定的工作，服务于战场电磁环境和电磁武器的细胞效应实验。

本项目面向战场电磁环境和电磁武器的电磁辐射的保护、应用和防护，围绕生物电磁学细胞实验的系统与剂量工作展开研究，解决长期存在的实验系统不标准、实验剂量不准确、辐射效率低且辐射均匀度差的问题。项目成果的实现和应用有助于揭示电磁辐射细胞效应的生物学基础和机制，从而为战场电磁环境的辐射保护、电磁武器的应用和防护提供基础支撑。.项目结合设备研制和模型仿真、综合实验测量和数值计算，研究电磁辐射细胞效应的实验系统和实验剂量的相关性和规律性。在此基础上，设计制作辐射装置，控制频率、功率和波形等参数；设计制作温度环境设置与监控装置，与辐射装置集成为实验系统；用电磁场时域有限差分法建模计算，辅以测量验证，获得细胞效应准确的电磁辐射剂量分布和统计数据；基于辐射效率和辐射均匀度的变化规律改进辐射装置，实现高质量的辐射；有效控制细胞温度变化不超过热效应阈值，实现大剂量辐射的非热效应。.项目提供了900MHz频段、1800MHz频段、2450MHz频段、60GHz频段的电磁辐射细胞实验系统，详细分析了900MHz频段、1800MHz频段、2450MHz频段、60GHz频段电磁辐射细胞实验剂量。项目对典型的波导腔和TEM小室的封闭式辐射装置、毫米波天线的开放式辐射装置确定了控制辐射质量的关键因素，量化了控制因素的作用，引入倾斜辐射，加装扼流圈，显著提高了辐射效率和均匀度，可以应用到现役的实验系统。项目研究了相关的算法，解决谐振腔仿真中关键的收敛控制问题、驻波实验中关键的散射参数计算问题。.项目在IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques（SCI，1区）上发表有关实验系统研制和实验剂量分析的论文1篇，申请了2项专利，另有3篇论文和3项专利在评审、写作和申请中。

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