二叠纪末生物大灭绝后特提斯地区典型微生物岩中地质微生物功能群特征

The largest faunal mass extinction in the Phanerozoic occurred at the end-Permian (about 252 Ma ago).Lots of recent researches have shown that a layer of microbialite formed by microbes deposited directly after the main mass extinction in global normal shallow carbonate platform, which implicates that the response of microbial ecosystem to the extinction event was distinctly different from that of the metazoan ecosystem. Therefore precise knowledge about the microbial composition of the microbialite is a key point for understanding the biological events, environmental events and the interactions between these two during the Permian-Triassic crisis interval. Compared with the problems, such as simple morphology of microbes and hardness for microbes to be preserved as fossils, faced in the past geomicrobial researches, geomicrobial functional groups （GMFGs）is an important method for geomicrobial compositional investigation, and lipid biomarkers and carbon isotopic composition are two useful tools for GMFGs. In summary, the project will systemically analyze the lipid biomarker and carbon isotopic composition of different types of microbialite from different palaeogeographic backgrounds. Based on these records, this project will untangle the characters of GMFGs in shallow ocean after the end-Permian faunal mass extinction and provide information for the interactions between organisms and environments during Permian-Triassic crisis interval.

二叠纪末（约252百万年前）发生了显生宙历史上最大的后生生物大灭绝。近来的许多研究发现紧随着后生生物灭绝，在全球范围内的正常碳酸盐岩台地上都发育有一套由微生物作用所形成的微生物岩沉积。这暗示着微生物生态系对这次事件有着较后生生物生态系完全不同的响应过程。因此，对这套微生物岩中微生物组成的准确认识，对探讨二叠纪-三叠纪生物危机期生物事件和环境事件以及这两者的相互作用有很大帮助，进而有助于加深对该事件的认识。地质微生物功能群是克服地质微生物研究所面临的形态简单、不易保存为化石等障碍，成为研究地质历史时期微生物组成的很好方法，而生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成是研究微生物功能群的重要手段。本项目主要对不同古地理背景和不同类型的微生物岩进行生物标志化合物和碳同位素组成分析，探讨二叠纪末期后生生物大灭绝后浅海地区地质微生物功能群特征，为认识二叠纪-三叠纪之交重大转折期生物与环境的相互作用提供信息。