面向智能制造的复杂型面全场三维光学精密测量技术研究

Intelligent manufacturing is the integration of information technology and manufacturing equipment. Achieving 3D design-measurement-manufacturing closed-loop process control is one of the symbols of the intelligent manufacturing. The technology challenge comes with it is how to achieve in-situ, high-speed and high-accuracy 3D measurement. The complexity of the workpiece's geometric structure and the diversity of workpiece's material lead to the data loss which results in the multi-reflection of highly reflective surfaces and the scattered light from translucent surfaces. Aiming at the world-class challenge of immeasurability of multi-reflection and translucent surfaces as well as the bottle-neck of high-speed 3D measurement, this proposal is on the basis of full-field dense fringe projection phase profilometry and establishes the fringe overlap model. The separation theory of multiple reflection light based on single pixel imaging and selective projection technology is proposed for the first time. The proposal also proposes the theory of 2-D multi-frequency projection and the high-accuracy 3D measurement method for the translucent surfaces and the test method of the PSF (point spread function) based on single pixel imaging. The full-field and full-depth of field mathematical model of the projection lens is established. The optimization among the measurement accuracy, full-field PSF and the fringe parameters is performed. The high-speed, high-accuracy projection and the measurability of 3D information of complex profiles are tackled. This has very important academic value and practical significance for realizing the integration of manufacturing and measurement of intelligent manufacturing.

智能制造是信息技术和制造装备的融合，标志之一是实现“三维设计-测量-加工”的闭环工艺调控，带来的技术难点是工件原位、高速、高精度的三维测量。工件几何形状的复杂性和材质的多样性，导致三维测量因强反光表面的多次反射和半透明表面的次表面散射而出现数据缺失。本项目以三维测量领域存在的多次反光/半透明表面的不可测性世界难题和高速三维测量技术瓶颈为研究目标，以获取全场密集点云的光栅相位法为基础，建立光栅条纹混叠模型，首次提出基于单像素成像的多次反射光混叠条纹分离理论和选择性投射技术；提出二维多频复合条纹投射理论和半透明表面高精度三维测量方法；提出基于单像素成像的点扩散函数测试方法，建立投影镜头全场全景深数学精确模型，实现测量精度、全场点扩散函数及投影条纹参数三者的优化，突破高速、高精度条纹投射技术，解决复杂型面三维信息的可测性问题，对实现“加工/测量”一体化的智能制造具有重要的学术价值和现实意义。