环珠江口地区大气边界层精细结构研究

The Ring Area of the Pearl River Estuary(RAPRE)is located in low latitude,the core areas of the city-cluster of the Pearl River Delta(PRD). The construction of the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL) in RAPRE is very complex due to the complicated coastal line and city-cluster underlying surface. Based on the former 2 national fund research projects, this project will use 5 recently put into use wind profiler's data , combined with the observation data of 3 upper-air sounding stations, 16 ground weather stations, 11 air quality monitoring stations, and 4 planning low-level sounding stations' strengthen observation data in 2 periods of dry and wet season, to study the fine structure of ABL in RAPRE under strong wind, mean wind, and weak wind conditions and their effects on the air pollutant transport in RAPRE by data analysis and numerical simulations. The structure of sea-land breezes and the characteristics of wind field in RAPRE will be focused, the model of ABL for the city-cluster of PRD will be improved. This project not only can rich the ABL theory about low latitude and non-uniform underlaying surface, but also can support the construction of the livable Bay of the Pearl River Estuary for Guangdong ,Hongkong and Macao with environmental meteorological data. This project has very important theory and application value.

环珠江口地区地处低纬，位于珠江三角洲城市群核心区，喇叭状海岸线及复杂城市群下垫面使该地区的大气边界层结构非常复杂。本项目在前2个国家基金项目已有研究基础上，利用环珠江口地区最近投入运行的5台风廓线雷达，结合3个探空站、16个地面气象站、11个空气质量监测站的观测资料，以及4个拟设低空探空站干、湿季2期加强观测资料，采用实测资料时空分析及模式模拟辅助手段，研究强风、平均风、弱风条件下环珠江口地区大气边界层精细结构及其对环珠江口城市群空气污染物输送扩散的影响，重点分析环珠江口地区海陆风结构、风场特性，完善珠江三角洲城市群大气边界层模型。本项目不仅可丰富低纬、非均匀下垫面大气边界层理论，而且可为粤港澳"环珠江口宜居湾区"建设提供环境气象资料，有重要的理论和应用价值。

本项目在前2个国家基金项目已有研究基础上，利用环珠江口地区最近投入运行的风廓线雷达、气溶胶激光雷达、微波辐射计等设备，结合3个探空站、16个地面气象站、11个空气质量监测站的连续观测资料，以及5个基线小球测风和低空探空站，分别在2013、2014、2015年的干季开展了3期加强观测资料，采用实测资料时空分析及数值模拟辅助手段，研究了不同气象条件下环珠江口地区大气边界层的精细结构及其对环珠江口城市群空气污染物输送扩散的影响。重点分析了环珠江口地区边界层风温廓线特性，回流指数等边界层特征量及其对空气质量的影响。发现冷空气抵达前回暖期(WPBCF)、热带气旋下沉气流控制区(SPCTC)2种典型边界层结构会导致珠三角空气质量变差，冷空气抵达前回暖期(WPBCF)边界层存在贴地逆温和低空逆温，而热带气旋下沉气流控制区(SPCTC)只有低空逆温。环珠江口地区低空逆温、连续静小风导致污染物积累，海陆风对空气质量也有重要影响，可用回流指数RF来描述环珠江口地区大气扩散能力。对了解和掌握环珠江口地区边界层精细结构及其对空气质量的影响、指导灰霾天气预测预警和粤港澳“环珠江口宜居湾区”建设有重要意义。

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