机械分子的设计与合成

Molecular machines have recently attracted much attention. The area of mechanical molecules embodies the concepts and challenges of mechanical engineering as applied to the molecular scale. However， the previous studies were focused on the linear and flat molecules, and combination of mechanical molecules in multi-purposes is rarely studies. During this study, we sould like to mimic machines and/or devices in their entirety, to design and synthesis of curved mechanical molecular building blocks and molecules with multi-functions. In particular, 1. To design and prepare molecular mechine components/building blocks; including curved aromatic system as building blocks for molecular switches; 2. To build up molecular grids; 3. To prepare molecular swithes and to elucidate the working mechanisms; (including molecular switches formation by linear molecules or curved molecules); 4. To construct complicated molecular motors. ..To control the structure and dynamics of the mechanical molecules by intergrating molecular design, chemical synthesis and physical analysis. To study the mechanisms further on moluclar dynamics and apply these theories onto the parparation of the future electronic devices and to explore the applications in biomedicial field. These projects offer the promise of new technologies as a far-reaching practical outcome, and provide one of the best training platforms for the development and education of new talent in molecular science.

分子机器这一新兴领域受到了科学界的关泛关注。构成分子机器的机械分子在分子尺度上体现了机械工程的概念和挑战。但具有机械性能的分子开关目前仅限于直线或平面分子，机械分子的组合构建研究较少，该项目中，我们拟通过模仿机器和/或设备的整体进行潜在多功能及曲面机械分子元件及分子机器的设计与合成。具体进行：1. 机械分子砌块／元件的设计、组建与制备；包括作为重要的分子开关元件的曲面芳烃的制备；2. 分子网格的研究；3. 分子开关（线性分子或曲面分子与吡啶盒组成）的制备及作用机制研究；4. 分子马达的构建。通过研究分子静态和运动学进行分子设计，将化学合成、立体和材料科学等学科融合到了一起。以期实现分子结构和动力学的精确控制，揭示分子机器的基本理论，并将分子机器应用到电子器件及生物医学等多个领域。 该项目同时发展并培育新的分子技术，为培养新一代的分子科学家提供智力平台。

按照研究计划，我们完成了任务书中的研究任务。开发了新型机械分子，尤其是具有潜在翻转及面、轴、中心手性的新型母核体系。发展了新的反应方法学，尤其是芳香体系的广泛衍生及取代基团的直接官能团化，开发了新型手性配体，对于手性碗烯的构建提供了新的理论及实验基础。 ..在国际较高学术水平杂志上发表论文25篇并申请相关专利。参加2019年英国皇家化学会湖区论坛受邀报告，与同行交流并汇报我们的研究进展。 培养了一批相关方面的专业人才，项目资助期培养硕士、博士研究生共12名，所有研究生均到医药企业从事进一步药物化学、合成化学等学科的工作。指导的学生项目“环境友好配体在Henry反应中的应用”张鸣宇、李思颖、张正晗荣获第十三届“全国大学生药苑论坛”优秀论文奖，和创新成果三等奖。

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