低共熔溶剂体系的溶质-溶剂相互作用及其在分离过程中应用基础研究

This project focuses on a class of deep eutectic solvents (DESs),which are composed of hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor.These DESs have frequently similar solvent properties as ionic liquids.They are usually cheap, non-toxic or having low toxicity, bio-campatible, and bio-degradable. These features make them very attractive in application. This project studies solute-solvent interaction in DESs systems through experimental determination and predction of activity coeffient at infinite dilution of solutes.Potential applictions will be selected and first step screeening of solvent will be made.Consequently the separation performance of the seleted solvents will be checked by phase equilibria measurement in the condition of separation process. Detailed thermodynamic and transport properties will be investigated for systems having outstanding performance.The solute-solvent interactions will help to provide deep insight. This project emphasizes on finding novel applications of DESs in separation processes, especially in extractive disttilation and solvent extraction.Exploratory research has shown that for the separation of ethanol-water azeotrope, DES of CHCl/Glycerol(1:2) has better separation performnce than glycerol and ehtylene glycol. The DES has good features for application. For the isopropanol-water system, this DES has much better separation ability than glycerol.

本项目研究一类由氢键受体与氢键供体组成的低共熔溶剂(DES),这些DES的溶剂特性通常与离子液体类似，并且通常价格低廉、低毒或基本无毒、生物相容性好、可降解，因此具有诱人的应用前景。本项目通过DES中无限稀释活度系数的实验测定和理论预测，研究溶质-溶剂相互作用，同时根据分离过程的要求选择合适的应用并初步筛选溶剂。在此基础上，本项目开展应用基础研究。通过相平衡测定检验溶剂在实际应用条件下的分离性能；针对表现突出的应用体系，系统地研究热力学和传递性质，为过程设计提供依据。在此，溶质-溶剂相互作用为应用基础研究提供理论支撑。本项目着力于发现DES具有显著优势的分离应用，特别是萃取精馏和溶剂萃取的应用。前期探索研究表明，对乙醇-水共沸体系，氯化胆碱/甘油(1:2)表现出较之甘油和乙二醇更好的分离性能，并且具有良好的应用前景。对异丙醇-水共沸体系，该DES较之甘油分离性能的提高更加显著。