煤矿难润湿性煤层采掘面煤尘扩散机理及防治技术基础研究

The project goes systematic study about the dust diffusion mechanism and prevention technology in mining face with difficult wetting coal seam by the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory test and field trials. Firstly, the relationship between the parameters of the coal charge, the contact angle, the dust composition, the chemical element and the surface functional groups and the wettability of the dust, and the relationship between the parameters and the other coal parameters can be obtained by experiment, which can make sure the basic physical and chemical characteristics of difficult wetting coal seam. Then, the mathematical model of two-phase(gas and dust particle) flow is established to simulate the dust diffusion process based on the characteristics of dust-producing in mechanized face to obtain the diffusion law. Through complex experimental research and development of new efficient and environmentally friendly spraying wetting agent and concentrative automatically adding devices to improve the dust-laying rate in mining faces, based on the wetting properties of coal seam. By studying efficient dust suppression technology in mechanized driving face from three aspects of dust suppression by spraying , closing dust source and air flow controlling, the best dust suppression system is given. By combining the development of long-lasting dust sensor with intelligent dust suppression system, automatic dust control will be achieved in full mechanized coalface.

本项目拟采用理论分析、数值模拟、实验测试、现场试验为一体的方法对煤矿难润湿性煤层采掘面煤尘扩散机理及防治技术基础进行系统研究。首先通过实验得出煤的荷电性、接触角、煤尘成分、化学元素、表面官能团等参数与润湿性的关系以及与煤质参数间的关联等，确定难润湿性煤层的基本理化特征；根据综采（掘）面产尘机理和生产工艺特点，建立适用于综采（掘）面的气体－粉尘颗粒两相流动数学模型，对粉尘扩散运动过程进行数值模拟，得出综采（掘）面粉尘随风流的扩散规律，为粉尘防治提供理论依据；根据煤层润湿特性，通过复配实验研发新型高效环保喷雾降尘用湿润剂及其自动集中添加装置，以进一步提高综采（掘）面的降尘率；从雾化降尘、封闭尘源、风流控制等三个方面对综掘面煤尘的高效抑制技术基础进行研究，给出最优的综掘面降尘控尘系统；结合长效时粉尘传感器研发，对综采面煤尘智能化降尘系统进行研究，实现对综采面降尘的自动控制。