克隆与非克隆植物生活史关键阶段的投赌策略及生理生态学机制

The ways of plants responding to the changes of environment is a fundamental ecological problem. In the environmental conditions with unpredictable changes, the bet hedging strategies of plants tend to develop and evolve. This study aims at the bet hedging strategies and the eco-physiological mechanisms of the clonal and non-clonal plants in the critical stages of their life histories. A number of key issues related to the theories of bet hedging strategies will be analyzed and solved, and also will be tested with some specific plants and experiments. In the spatio-temporally homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions of environmental and/or biological conditions, the stages, locations, forms and performances of bet hedging traits or behaviors of plants, as well as the order among them, will be studied in the experiments. The bet hedging traits or behaviors of plants induced from the disturbance factors, as well as the bet hedging performances of sexual reproductions and clonal growth behaviors of different types of clonal plants in various habitats and at integration and non-integration states will be studied in the experiments. Comprehensive analyses using a variety of methods will be conducted to study the bet hedging traits or behaviors of the clonal plants with mixed growth forms. The trade-offs between the costs and the contributions of the bet hedging traits of plants will be analyzed, and the common methods applicable to both clonal and non-clonal plants will be explored. The possible mechanisms for the bet hedging traits or behaviors of plants occurring in different habitats will be studied from different perspectives. In the context of global climate change and the reality of the increasing of uncertain disturbance in the local habitats of plants, the study of bet hedging strategies of plants will be of potential scientific values, and the extensive and profound significances and the technical reference values.

植物如何响应变化的环境是生态学中的一个基本问题。在不可预测的环境变化条件下，生物的投赌策略机制将得以发展和进化。本研究以克隆和非克隆植物为对象，研究其生活史关键阶段的投赌策略及生理生态学机制。致力于分析有关植物投赌策略的若干关键性理论问题，并结合具体植物和实验加以检验。在时空均质和异质生境条件下，研究植物投赌策略发生的主要阶段、部位、形式和表现特征及次序关系。研究人为扰动因素可能诱导产生的植物投赌策略性状，以及在整合和非整合情况下，不同类型克隆植物的有性生殖与克隆生长行为的投赌策略表现。采用多种方法综合分析具有混合生长型的克隆植物的投赌策略。分析植物投赌策略的代价与贡献间的权衡，并探索适用于克隆和非克隆植物的共同方法。从多角度研究植物投赌策略发生的可能机制。在全球气候变化的大背景和局部生境扰动不断增加的现实情况下，研究植物投赌策略具有潜在的科学价值和广泛而深刻的现实意义和技术参考价值。

本项目从13个方面研究了克隆和非克隆植物生活史关键阶段的投赌策略及生理生态学机制：1生境内交互性资源斑块尺度与次序对结缕草克隆生长影响；2具有混合生长型的克隆植物互花米草克隆基株网络的随机游走特征；3 具有混合生长型的克隆植物互花米草的演化博弈；4在不同养分水平条件下不同亲缘水平谷子个体植株间相互作用的差异性表现；5龙柏异形叶性空间分异特征及其影响因素；6三品种结球甘蓝植株相互作用条件下的次生代谢产物及其与昆虫访问的关联分析；7三种芳香植物不同邻株间的相互作用及其对挥发性有机化合物释放的影响；8崇明东滩湿地不同生活史阶段海三棱藨草种群对水盐梯度的差异性生态响应；9崇明岛东滩湿地土壤胞外酶活性时空动态特征及其对生态因素的响应；10 海三棱藨草和互花米草种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐度和氮磷比梯度的生态响应；11三种红豆杉化学防御物质对光环境及邻株亲缘水平的响应；12模型模拟研究:分株种群行为影响克隆植物对具有不同斑块尺度和资源水平生境的响应；13温度-盐度及其持续时间对崇明岛东滩湿地本地濒危植物海三棱藨草种子的萌发及生活史策略的影响。研究取得了重要研究进展和结果，为克隆和非克隆植物生活史关键阶段的投赌策略及生理生态学机制研究探索了新路，研究具有科学价值、现实意义和技术参考价值。

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