玻璃表面碳团簇包覆金属纳米颗粒复合电介质薄膜的可控制备与构效关系研究

Solar selective absorbers play the key role in the photo-thermal conversions. In the present proposal, we focus on the controllable preparation and structure-property relationship of the carbon cluster covered metal nanoparticle composite dielectric films for the requirements of concentrating solar power applications in the mid- and high-temperature ranges. A facile “one-step” method in the framework of sol-gel method and conformal carbonization is proposed, which is suitable for large-scale and low-cost preparation, to controllably prepare micro/nano structured films. The films are in a manner of embedded metal particles and light trapping structures coexisting as well as its thermal stability enhanced by the carbon composite dielectrics. An optical model will be established for the dielectric properties of micro/nano multi-scaled structured solar selective absorbers. The regulation mechanism of the microstructure and the influence of the content and distribution of nano metal particles upon the photo-thermal properties will be extensively investigated to obtain a high performance: absorptance >96% and emissivity <0.08, accelerating aging test >100h550oC. This work will provide an important material for concentrating solar power applications, and also very helpful for the study and design of the novel functional films driven by micro/nano structures.

太阳能选择性吸收薄膜是太阳能光热利用的核心材料。本项目针对太阳能聚光集热系统对中高温应用的需求，申请研究玻璃表面碳团簇包覆金属纳米颗粒复合电介质薄膜的可控制备与构效关系，创新地提出基于溶胶-凝胶技术和碳化工艺的“一步法”技术思路，同步实现金属纳米颗粒镶嵌和表面微米陷光结构协同增强光谱选择性、碳团簇包覆金属纳米颗粒复合电介质基体强化结构稳定性的目的。深入开展微纳结构诱导的薄膜光学理论设计和数值模拟，阐明金属纳米颗粒镶嵌与表面微米陷光结构的协同作用机制，揭示溶胶前驱体预分相与凝胶薄膜表面Marangoni效应诱导原位构筑薄膜微纳结构的调控原理，获得高光谱选择性吸收（单层膜α>92%，ε<0.08）和高环境耐受性（>100h550oC）的太阳能选择性吸收薄膜。本项目的实施将为太阳能聚光集热应用提供一种重要的高性能支撑材料，也为微观结构诱导的功能薄膜材料设计与研究提供理论和实践经验。