原位实时SAXS和XAS研究Au、Pt纳米粒子生长动力学

The preparation and application of nanomaterials have been attracted widely attentioned and well studied, but for the growth kinetics of nanomaterials,the conventional methods can not make in-situ time resolved measurement come true,so different growth kinetics theory comes from different method.In this project, we want to study the kinetics of nanoparticles by synchrotron techniques (such as in-situ SAXS and XAS), then to explore the nucleation and growth kinetics of nanoparticles. Using in-situ SAXS and XAS techniques, we can obtein the varation of particles size, shape, valence state and atom structure information with time (second or milisecond) in solution, also this method can not destroy the growth environment in solution and make the measurement much credible. From the reseach, we can find the parameters which could affect the nucleation and growth of nanomaterials, then changing these parameters to control the nanoparticles size, shape, valence state and atom structure information, and finally to control the properties (such as optical, thermal, magnetic and catalytic properties) of nanoparticles.

纳米材料的制备和应用受到广泛关注和研究，但是在生长动力学研究方面，常规实验方法很难实现时间分辨的测量，无法及时准确的观测纳米材料的大小和形状。采取不同的实验手段可能得到很多不同的实验结果，也因此产生了很多不同的生长动力学理论。我们拟采用原位实时同步辐射技术，主要包括原位实时小角散射（SAXS）和X射线吸收（XAS）技术，对纳米粒子的生长动力学进行研究，探索溶液中纳米材料的成核和生长动力学问题。采用In-Situ SAXS/XAS不仅能够在ms或s时间范围内对溶液中纳米粒子的大小、形状、价态和原子局域信息等进行测量，而且不会对纳米材料的生长环境产生影响。这对阐明溶液中纳米材料的成核和生长动力学过程有着重要意义，可以得到影响纳米材料成核和生长的参数。通过对这些参数的控制可以达到对生成纳米材料的大小、形状、价态和原子局域信息的自由调控目的，进而实现对其光学、热学、电磁学和催化等性能的控制。