基于空气弹簧橡胶材料老化规律的高速动车组动力学性能演化研究

In the service of high-speed EMU in China , the dynamics performance evolution problems have been caused by long-term application which need to be resolved urgently. Airsprings are widely used in high-speed EMU as the secondary suspension system for which the working load is very complicated and the working condition is very abominable. Especially, the rubber material of airspring bellow is exposed in sun exposure, sand wind and rain condition, so the rubber aging phenomenon is easily to occur. How the characteristics of airspring is changed by the rubber aging and how the changing results effect on the high-speed EMU’s service performance, is the key problem which this study will resolve. Based on the rubber material theory, a fluid-solid coupled airspring model will be firstly built to reveal the evolution law of the airspring’s dynamic characteristics with the service time variation. The parametric force elements are to be modeled to describe the different rubber aging stages. Combining with the high-speed EMU dynamics model, the influence of the airspring’s rubber aging procedure on the high-speed EMU’s service performance evolution is evaluated. By the research of this project, the performance changing features of airsprings under long-term service and the dynamics performance evolution law of high-speed EMU can be mastered furthermore which can provide theoretical reference for designing and application of high-speed bogies, thus to improve the reliability and safety of China’s high-speed EMU.

高速动车组在我国的多年长期运用导致部分列车在服役中出现了动力学性能演化的问题，亟待相关研究加以解决。空气弹簧作为广泛应用于高速动车组的二系悬挂系统，载荷复杂、工况恶劣，特别是气囊橡胶材料长期暴露在日照、风沙、雨淋的恶劣环境中，极易出现性能老化现象。空气弹簧在橡胶老化后特性如何改变，此变化如何影响高速列车的服役性能，是本研究需要解决的关键问题。基于橡胶材料相关理论，建立空气弹簧的流固耦合模型，揭示空气弹簧动态特性随服役时间的演化规律；建立参数化力元描述空气弹簧的不同老化阶段，结合高速动车组整车动力学模型进行动力学分析，评判空气弹簧橡胶老化过程对高速动车组动力学性能演化的影响。通过本项目的研究，能够进一步掌握空气弹簧长期服役下的性能变化特点与高速动车组的动力学演化规律，为高速转向架悬挂的设计和运用提供理论借鉴，进而提高我国高速动车组的可靠性和安全性。

空气弹簧以其优异的动力学性能广泛应用于各类高速动车组的二系悬挂中，随着高速动车组在我国多年的产期运用，导致空气弹簧在服役中出现了动力学性能演化的问题，亟待相关研究加以解决。高速动车组用空气弹簧是决定列车高速运行动态性能的关键力元，载荷复杂、工况恶劣，特别是气囊橡胶材料长期暴露在日照、风沙、雨淋的恶劣环境中，极易出现性能老化现象。本项目基于有限元方法和气动力学理论建立了空气弹簧的非线性模型，将其嵌入高速动车组系统动力学模型中，研究了空气弹簧刚度非线性对整车动态行为的影响。为了确定轮轨力计算方法，对比分析了FASTSIM和CONTACT算法对高速车轮瞬态滚动的影响。针对空气弹簧橡胶老化后的特性变化规律，本项目引入分数阶理论开展了大量研究工作，基于分数阶橡胶模型和流固耦合空气弹簧模型，揭示了空气弹簧动态特性随服役时间的演化规律；基于动力学联合仿真平台，建立了参数化力元以描述空气弹簧的不同老化阶段，并结合高速动车组整车动力学模型进行对比分析，评判空气弹簧橡胶老化过程对高速动车组动力学性能演化的影响。通过本项目的研究，进一步掌握了空气弹簧长期服役下的性能变化特点与高速动车组的动力学演化规律，为高速转向架悬挂的设计和运用提供了理论借鉴。

内容获取失败，请点击重试