以家庭功能为焦点的乳腺癌患者社会支持干预模式的开发与评价

A combined qualitative and quantitative research design will be used. Firstly, direct at the psychological distress of breast cancer patients, the emotional and personal overwhelmed of spouses by the gravity of their wife’s breast cancer, and the family functioning difficult of adjustment to breast cancer, using a Grounded Theory method to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of patients and their spouses, about their family process of adjustment to breast cancer, to establish a Family Adjustment Process Model of Breast Cancer Survivors, and to identify their needs of social support. Secondly, to develop a series of social support modules, including A Program for Spouses Support of Women with Breast Cancer, Communication Support between Breast Cancer Patients with their Parents and Children, Social Support by Breast Cancer Volunteers, Social Support of Returning Back of workplace, Social Support by Social Organizations. Thirdly, using a Randomized Control Trial design to implement the modules individually, to provide social support intervention program for the experimental group, and provide usual social support for the control group. Adopting sensitive individual psychological function indicators for breast cancer patients and their spouses, as well as family functioning adjustment indicators, to evaluate the efficacy of intervention programs. Finally, to validate the Family Functioning Focused Social Support Intervention Model for Breast Cancer Patients.

采用质性与量性研究相结合的研究设计方法。首先，针对乳腺癌的诊断和治疗会给患者和患者配偶造成同样沉重的心理打击、家庭功能失调和癌症调适困难等问题，采用扎根理论研究方法，通过个体化的深入访谈法，从乳腺癌患者及其配偶亲身经历和体验的角度，探讨他们家庭调适过程的一般规律，构建“乳腺癌患者家庭调适过程模式”，确定他们的社会支持需求。其次，开发乳腺癌患者配偶支持、与父母沟通、与子女沟通、病友志愿者支持、重返工作岗位支持、社会团体支持各模块的干预措施及其实施方案。然后，将每一个模块的干预措施，分别采用随机对照试验研究方法进行实施，给实验组实施新开发的家庭或社会支持干预措施，对照组采取常规干预措施，采用敏感的乳腺癌患者和配偶个体心理功能指标，以及家庭功能调适指标，评价各模块的干预效果。最终形成一套“以家庭功能为焦点的乳腺癌患者社会支持干预模式及其实施方案”，以促进乳腺癌患者的全面康复。