HD和D2分子价壳层激发的精确动力学参数研究

Molecular hydrogen deuteride and deuterium are widely distributed in the universe and exist in the fusion reaction. So the accurate dynamic parameters of molecular hydrogen deuteride and deuterium including the photoabsorption cross sections, squared form factors and differential cross sections, play important roles in the astrophysics, plasma physics and controlled nuclear fusion. In addition, as the simplest molecules, the dynamic parameters of molecular hydrogen deuteride and deuterium are important in testing theoretical methods and calculational codes for the quantum chemistry. Although many groups have reported the dynamic parameters of their isotopic hydrogen molecule, the dynamic parameters of molecular hydrogen deuteride and deuterium are still scarce. In this project, we will measure the vibrationally resolved optical oscillator strengths, squared form factors, differential cross sections and generalized oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations of molecular hydrogen deuteride and deuterium with different experimental techniques such as inelastic x-ray scattering and fast electron scattering. Then the momentum transfer dependence behaviors of the dynamic parameters of hydrogen deuteride and deuterium will be elucidated from different viewpoints. This project will provide the comprehensive information of the wave functions of the excited states in the momentum space, meet the urgent demands for the high-accurate dynamic parameters as well as give the experimental benchmark data of hydrogen deuteride and deuterium.

HD和D2分子在宇宙中分布十分广泛，且存在于聚变反应中，因此，它们的精确动力学参数，包括光吸收截面、快电子碰撞的微分散射截面、X射线散射的微分散射截面，在天体物理、等离子体物理和核聚变研究中都有极其重要的应用。另一方面，作为最简单的分子，HD和D2分子的动力学参数对检验量子化学发展的各种理论方法也具有重要的意义。虽然HD和D2的同位素分子H2的动力学参数已有较多的研究，但是HD和D2分子的动力学参数还非常稀缺，几乎是空白。本项目就是拟采用两种完全不同的实验方法，包括高分辨非弹性X射线散射技术和高分辨快电子散射技术，高精度地测量目前极其稀缺的HD和D2分子振动分辨的价壳层激发态的光学振子强度、形状因子平方、微分散射截面和广义振子强度，从不同侧面研究并揭示HD和D2分子价壳层激发动力学参数的动量转移依赖特性，解决需求的燃眉之急并提供高精度的实验基准数据。

利用X射线散射方法、快电子散射方法和康普顿散射方法，高精度测量了H2、HD、D2、N2、C2H2等原子分子的光学振子强度、广义振子强度、康普顿轮廓。通过交叉检验不同实验方法所测得实验结果，排除了可能存在的系统误差，给出了相应原子分子动力学参数的实验基准。以我们测量的广义振子强度为基础，借助于最近出现的BE-Scaling方法，系统获得了这些原子分子从阈值到5keV宽区间可靠的积分截面，为天体物理、等离子体物理等学科提供了源于原子分子的有力支撑。

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