基于地球生物学的豫西寒武纪叠层石繁盛机理研究

Since phanerozoic, microbialites represented by stromatolites has been declining dramatically all over the world, whereas microbial reefs, mainly composed of microorganisms, distribute widely. The mainline of this project is about the appearance of stromatolites in Cambrain. According to stromatolites lying on the different rock strata, different micro-components of stromatolites, their contacted rock strata and other microbialites, the thesis analyzed the geochemical characteristics, such as the microbial fossils, microfossils assemblage and genetic environment, molecular fossils, carbon and sulfur isotopic composition and major and trace element features of stromatolites in Cambrian, by means of geobiology and using polarizing microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The main focuses on the project are as follows: the distinctive and similarity on type and species of microfossils in Cambrain stromatolites, the changing rules of microorganisms on the level of its abundance and diversity and the succession and the its stretchability of microorganisms regarding its region and interspace, comparing its with the microfossils of Proterozoic stromatolites and the microbe of modern microbial mats. The inter-relationship among the prosperity mechanism of stromatolites, the evolution of microorganisms and the change of paleo-environment would be found out, under the assistance of the factors like paleogeographical and structure, besides, the prosperity mechanism of Cambrian stromatolites would also be revealed. Not only the previous research reveals the process of metazoan explosion during the early period of Cambrian, but the updated evidence and information about the evolution rules of microorganisms and earlier life are provided.

显生宙以来，以叠层石为代表的微生物岩在全球范围内迅速减少，然而，在中寒武世-早奥陶世，以微生物为主要组构的生物礁却在全球广泛分布。本项目以寒武纪叠层石的出现为主线，以偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和透射电镜为手段，应用地球生物学的研究方法，针对不同层位的叠层石、叠层石的不同微区及其上下接触岩层和其它微生物岩，分析寒武纪叠层石微生物化石、化石组合及其成因环境、分子化石、碳硫同位素和主量、微量元素的特征，对比元古代叠层石微生物化石和现代微生物席，重点探讨寒武纪叠层石微生物化石在类型和种属上的异同、微生物在丰度和分异度上的变化规律及其在区间和空间上的继承性与延展性，辅助以古地理环境和古构造格局等因素，查明寒武纪叠层石繁盛与微生物变迁、古环境变化之间的关系，进而揭示豫西寒武纪叠层石繁盛的机理，为研究寒武纪初后生动物大爆发过程中及其以后微生物世界和早期生命的演化规律提供新的证据与信息。