不同燃料极端条件下的喷雾燃烧机理及燃烧控制方法研究

While the research of global internal combustion engine is achieving ultra-low emission, energy conservation and CO2 emissions reduction have been becoming new research focus in internal combustion engine field and new impetus of advance in internal combustion engine technology. In the future, the high efficiency combustion technology of internal combustion engine will develop towards the extreme combustion conditions such as ultra-high combustion pressure, ultra-high injection pressure, ultra-high intake density and intake dilution. On the other hand, fuel properties will significantly affect the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine, and the influence rule of fuel on internal combustion engine needs to be investigated under future extreme conditions. Therefore, the applicant intends to conduct in-depth and systematic research on spray combustion mechanism of different fuels under extreme conditions and control methods of improving engine thermal efficiency. Different extreme conditions will be constructed and experimental research will be carried out by means of devices such as constant volume combustion bomb and multi-parameter flexible single cylinder engine which can withstand high combustion pressure. Meanwhile, a spray combustion model suitable for extreme conditions will be developed, and numerical simulation will be carried out. By combining the experimental test and simulation, the characteristics of spray mixing, spontaneous ignition and flame development of different fuels under extreme operating conditions will be explored, and the combustion mechanism of fuel properties and cooperative control of operating conditions to improve the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine will be revealed. The research not only has important theoretical and engineering guidance value to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine, but also has important reference value to the spray combustion under the extreme conditions encountered by gas turbine engine.

全球内燃机研究在实现超低排放的同时，节能和降低碳排放成为内燃机领域新的研究重点和内燃机技术进步新的推动力。未来内燃机高效燃烧技术将朝着超高燃烧爆发压力和喷油压力、超高进气密度和进气稀释等极端条件下的燃烧方向发展。另一方面，燃料特性会显著影响内燃机热效率，燃料在未来极端条件下对内燃机影响规律有待探明。因此，申请人拟针对极端条件下不同燃料的喷雾燃烧机理及提升发动机热效率控制方法开展深入系统研究。通过定容燃烧装置和耐高爆压多参数灵活可变单缸机等装置，构建不同的极端条件，开展试验研究；同时发展适用极端条件的喷雾燃烧模型，开展数值仿真研究。将试验与仿真结合，探明不同燃料在极端运行条件下的喷雾混合、自燃着火及火焰发展特征，揭示燃料特性和运行工况协同控制提高内燃机热效率的燃烧机理。研究不仅对内燃机热效率的提升具有重要理论和工程指导价值，而且对航空发动机等遇到的极端条件下喷雾燃烧也具有重要参考价值。