交通相关的细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露对小儿呼吸系统损害机制的计算模拟和实验模型研究

Traffic related air pollution，especially the fine particulate matter (PM2.5)produced by automobile exhaust, is one of the most serious environmental problems for the public health in many large and medium-sized cities in China. Although many researches were reported on the studies of PM2.5, the harm to children’s respiratory system caused by PM2.5 is still unclear. To understand the aerodynamic characteristics of PM2.5 distribution in Children’s airway and the mechanism of injury and toxicology are very critical for the quantitative evaluation and precise treatment of respiratory disease. .In the present study, we will integrate the methodologies of computational aerodynamics, in-vitro aerodynamic experiment and animal experiments to disclose the hazards of PM2.5 to children’s respiratory system. The bronchial mucosa concentrated poly effect and the pulmonary segmental distribution inhomogeneity during exposure of PM2.5 will be analyzed by computational aerodynamics and in-vitro aerodynamic experiment. A PM2.5 environment model will be simulated through diffusion flame burner and sampling experiment. Mice short-term and long-term exposure experimental model and the interventional sub-group will be established to investigate the mechanism of injury and toxicology of PM2.5 to respiratory system. Our study will provide information for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases caused by environmental pollution and the medical related information for the automobile fuel improvement.

交通相关的大气污染，特别是汽车尾气产生的细颗粒物PM2.5，已成为影响我国城市公众健康的首要卫生问题之一。对PM2.5的研究已有大量报道，但对儿童呼吸道带来的影响却仍认知不足。了解PM2.5在儿童呼吸道内的分布规律，掌握受气道空气动力学影响的变化特征，明确对呼吸道造成的损伤机制和毒理作用对精准定量研究预防PM2.5对儿童机体的危害具有重要的临床价值和意义。.本研究拟通过计算空气动力学模拟，体外空气动力学实验仿真及动物实验相结合全面剖析PM2.5对儿童呼吸系统危害。通过计算气体动力学分析和体外气动力学实验研究PM2.5在支气管内的黏膜浓聚效应和肺节段分布的不均一性；利用碳烟生成及采样实验平台构建PM2.5环境模型，通过小鼠长、短期暴露及干预亚组开展动物实验，评价PM2.5对呼吸系统的主要致病机理和病理效应，为儿童预防治疗PM2.5导致的呼吸系统疾病提供帮助，也为汽车燃料改良提供相关医学信息。

交通相关的大气污染，特别是汽车尾气产生的细颗粒物PM2.5，已成为影响我国城市 公众健康的首要卫生问题之一。对PM2.5的研究已有大量报道，但对儿童呼吸道带来的影 响却仍认知不足。了解PM2.5在儿童呼吸道内的分布规律，掌握受气道空气动力学影响的 变化特征，明确对呼吸道造成的损伤机制和毒理作用对精准定量研究预防PM2.5对儿童机 体的危害具有重要的临床价值和意义。.本研究通过计算空气动力学模拟，体外空气动力学实验仿真及动物实验相结合全面 剖析PM2.5对儿童呼吸系统危害。通过计算气体动力学分析和体外气动力学实验研究PM2.5 在支气管内的黏膜浓聚效应和肺节段分布的不均一性;利用碳烟生成及采样实验平台构建 PM2.5环境模型，通过实验模型长、短期暴露及干预亚组开展动物实验，评价PM2.5对呼吸系统 的主要致病机理和病理效应，为儿童预防治疗PM2.5导致的呼吸系统疾病提供帮助，也为 汽车燃料改良提供相关医学信息。

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