碳纤维网增强高硅铝合金多层次结构电磁构筑及其界面生长调控机制

Using eutectic Al-Si alloy to make phase change energy storage is the research focus of the solar thermal power generation technology. How to realize the effective packaging of eutectic Al-Si alloy under the high-temperature melting state and break through the corrosion limitation of Al-base alloy on the iron-base container is the urgent technical problem to be solved. On this basis, the new strategy that constructing the multilayered Al matrix composite material (without iron-based container) which can be directly used in the mid and high temperature thermal energy storage is proposed in current project. Researches are mainly concentrated on the electromagnetic construction and the interface growth control mechanism of carbon-fiber net reinforced high-silicon aluminum alloy with multilayered-structure, including: (1) conduct enforcement intervention on the solidification process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy, detect key factors determining [carbon fiber net-rich Si/poor Si] multilayered structure regulation, and establish the intrinsic constitutive relation between structural characteristics and macroscopic properties; (2) reveal the primary Si coupling carbon-fiber net interface growth and electromagnetic separation control mechanism; (3) develop the new theory and technical prototype for the primary Si coupling carbon fiber net electromagnetic continuous separation and realize the electromagnetic continuous construction of carbon-fiber net reinforced high-silicon aluminum alloy multilayered-structure. This project can not only lay a solid foundation for solar thermal central receiver system in establishing new-type Al matrix composite phase change materials, but also provide new technical way and theoretical reference for the production of other carbon-fiber reinforced Al matrix composite materials.

采用共晶铝硅合金进行相变储能是目前太阳能热发电技术的研究热点，如何实现共晶铝硅合金在高温熔体状态下的有效封装，打破铝基合金熔体对铁基容器腐蚀性限制是该技术亟待解决的难题。基于此，本项目提出通过构筑[碳纤维网-富硅/贫硅]多层次铝基复合材料（省略铁基容器）直接用于中高温热能存储的新策略。重点围绕碳纤维网增强高硅铝合金多层次结构电磁构筑及其界面生长调控机制展开研究：1通过电磁场对过共晶铝硅合金凝固过程进行强制干预，发掘决定[碳纤维网-富硅/贫硅]多层次结构关键控制因素，建立结构与性能之间的本构关系；2揭示初生硅耦合碳纤维网界面生长及电磁分离控制机制；3开发初生硅耦合碳纤维网电磁连续分离的新理论和技术原型，实现碳纤维网增强高硅铝合金多层次结构电磁连续构筑。本项目不仅可以为我国太阳能热发电产业建立新型铝基复合相变储能材料奠定基础，还能为同类型碳纤维增强铝基复合材料制备提供新的技术思路和理论借鉴。

面向太阳能热电转化、冶金工业高温余热回收等领域对共晶铝硅相变储能材料高温封装的实际需求，本项目提出通过构筑[碳纤维网-富硅/贫硅]多层次铝基复合材料以省略铁基容器直接用于中高温热能存储的新策略，从根本上解决储能材料与盛装容器的腐蚀性问题。展开初生硅耦合碳纤维电磁分离及其界面生长调控机制研究。首先，比较了不同的工艺参数的影响，发掘[碳纤维网-富硅/贫硅]多层次结构形成条件；并进行稳态与非稳态热性能评价，进行多层次结构特性与储热性能一体化设计。进一步，通过温度场与电磁场协同作用碳纤维增强相耦合过共晶铝硅合金凝固过程，揭示电磁场促进硅溶质耦合碳纤维网生长控制机制；同时新增初生硅耦合碳化硅电磁分离机制研究，发现碳化硅三维蜂窝状结构兼顾优异的高温强度和导热性，更适合于进行多层次结构电磁连续构筑。在此基础上，以碳化硅为增强相，结合垂直连续铸造方法，开发初生硅耦合碳化硅电磁连续分离的技术原型，实现大尺寸[碳化硅-富硅/贫硅]多层次结构电磁连续构筑，为我国太阳能热发电产业建立工业级自封装铝基复合相变储能材料提供了理论依据和技术支撑；耦合大尺寸[碳化硅-富硅/贫硅]多层次铝基复合相变储能材料设计冶金工业高温余热相变储能装置，为加速推进钢铁冶金工业绿色化道路进程提供新的技术思路。在本项目的资助下发表SCI学术论文8篇（第一标注7篇，第三标注1篇）；申请国家发明专利5项，授权发明专利2项；参加国内外学术会议6人次（含邀请报告4次，口头报告2次）；培养研究生6人，指导国家级竞赛获得特等奖1项和一等奖1项；获得校级优秀博士后1项和优秀指导教师称号1项。

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