液态金属上旋式无窗靶自由液面控制方法研究

Liquid metal spallation target is the key component of Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System (ADS). Windowless target is the preferred type of spallation target and have been widely researched at home and aboard, however, traditional downward falling windowless target can not meet the engineering requirements because of the restrictions of the stability of free surface and the stagnation zone of inverse flow. It is very necessary for working out the problems to develop a new type of windowless target. Upward spiral windowless target in which the free surface generated by dispersing fluid is a new conceptual design of windowless target and is different of the downward falling windowless target in which the free surface generated by converging fluid. For upward spiral target, it is difficult to form inverse flow; the vacuum have little effection on the stability of free surface; the replacement of target is more convenient. Thus, it solves the primary problems in downward falling target and further applies to real engineering requirements. The pricipal task in studying upward spiral target is to research the control methods of the free surface. Numerical simulations and experimental tests will be used in research. The control methods will be mastered by studying the free surface changing with the structure of target, the parameters of fluid and the intensity of the beam current in upward spiral target. Simultaneously, the technology of measuring flow field of liquid metal will be developed. Finally the heat conduction ability of upward spiral target will be analysised under the electronic beam loading.

液态金属散裂靶是加速器驱动的次临界嬗变系统（ADS）中的关键部件。无窗靶是散裂靶中优选的靶型结构，已在国内外得到普遍研究，但是传统的下落式无窗靶受到自由液面稳定性及回流滞止区的制约，很难在实际工程中得到应用。克服这个困难需要开展新型无窗靶的研究。上旋式无窗靶是一种新的无窗靶设计理念，它由流体分散而形成自由液面，改变了传统下落式无窗靶由流体汇聚形成自由液面的方式。这样形成的自由液面不容易形成回流滞止区，自由液面上方的真空环境对液面稳定性影响小，换靶操作也更加方便，从而解决了下落式无窗靶主要存在的问题，比较符合实际工程要求。研究上旋式无窗靶，首要的任务是研究自由液面的控制方法。项目拟使用数值模拟和实验验证的方法，通过研究靶型结构、流动参数、束流强度对液态金属上旋靶自由液面的影响规律，掌握上旋靶自由液面的控制方法，并发展液态金属流场测量技术，最后分析束流耦合下上旋靶的导热能力。