主题公园旅游空间的生长及其空间外部性研究：以常州市环球恐龙城为例

"Tourism space" is reformulated as a space complex consisting of physical tourism space and external tourism space in this study. Based on the perspective of spatial externality which plays a central role in the recent emergence of "spatial thinking" in the mainstream social sciences, for example in new economic geography, this study focuses the spillover effects of the development and evolution of physical tourism space on the outer spaces, i.e. the external tourism space. The research object is Universal Dinosaur Town as a typical successful case of the development of China's native theme parks. This study is a deep extension mainly based on the 2011 doctoral dissertation to Nanjing University, the name of the thesis is "the growth of tourism space and its value-added process: a case study of Universal Dinosaur Town in Changzhou". The main two scientific propositions are as follows:.First, this study wants to reveal the "geographical" and "spatial" differences between the growth and evolution of theme parks symbolizing a creation and production of new tourism space and the growth and evolution of traditional resource-based tourism development. Accordingly, spatial analysis models (the agglomeration and diffusion model) and the stage theory of tourism destination development are combined used. A integrated development model of tourism and its located city will be propoes based on the development of Universal Dinosaur Town in Changzhou City..Second, spatial externality may explores some new findings for regional impact studies of tourism, the spillover effects of the development and evolution of the physical tourism space on the outer space turns to the "spatial thinking" compared to the traditional trichotomy of economy, social and environmental in regional impacts studies. This study will propose a new concept of "tourism spatial multiplier" contrasting to the traditional "tourism economic multiplier" through measuring the intensity, scope and distance-decay of tourism spatial externality. Last, a quantitative measurement path of tourism spatial externality will be given based on a spatial econometric model.

本研究界定旅游空间为一个由旅游实体空间和旅游外部空间构成的空间复合体，从空间外部性的视角探讨旅游实体空间的发展和演化对旅游外部空间的溢出效应。研究对象为中国本土主题公园发展成功的典型案例环球恐龙城，研究内容是对2011年博士毕业论文《旅游空间生长及其增值过程的研究：以常州市环球恐龙城为例》的深化和延伸。拟解决的两个主要科学命题是：.第一，结合空间分析模型（集聚和扩散模型）和目的地发展阶段理论，揭示主题公园作为一种新旅游空间的创造和生产，与传统资源基础型旅游地的空间生长演化模式的"地理"和"空间"差异？ 第二，从空间外部性的视角探讨旅游实体空间的发展和演化对旅游外部空间的溢出效应，为旅游的区域影响研究提供新的思路，即从传统的旅游经济、社会、环境影响三分法转向为空间思考。通过测量空间外部性的强度、范围和距离衰减性，提出"旅游空间乘数"的概念。基于空间经济计量模型，提出旅游空间外部性的量化测量路

本项目以常州恐龙园、深圳华侨城、西安大唐芙蓉园、淮安西游记主题公园等为案例地，围绕主题公园的概念、内涵，以及主题公园的区域效应等两个方面展开研究。首先，结合空间分析模型（集聚和扩散模型）和目的地发展阶段理论，揭示主题公园作为专有化的旅游空间，与传统资源基础型旅游地的空间生长演化模式的“地理”和“空间”差异。揭示了当代中国主题公园发展的阶段及其发展模式，为新时期的主题公园热提供理论支撑。运用游客调查量表，解释主题公园游客满意度的多维度影响因素，同时为传统商学视角下的游客满意度研究开辟新的地理学视角。其次，初步提出旅游空间乘数的概念及其计算方法，为主题公园的区域效应研究提供思路。基于空间外部性视角，提出旅游实体空间的发展和演化对外部空间的溢出效应概念模型，如宜居宜游城市概念模型、旅游与城市、区域发展一体化概念模型。项目迄今为止，发表项目相关论文14篇，第一作者论文包括《地理研究》、《地理科学》、《旅游学刊》、《Asia Pacific World》等。另参加国内外会议9次，培养研究生1人，本科生5人，项目初步完成目标，并有拓展。

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