生物柴油诱导的发动机润滑油润滑化学特性衰变机制与规律

It has been known that biodiesel markedly promotes deterioration of engine oils. In recent years, with increasing development and application of biodiesel as a clean and renewable petrodiesel substitute, biodiesel-induced deterioration of lubrication chemical characteristics of engine oil has become one of the most interseted tribological topics, as to which intensive and systematic investigation has as yet not been conducted. Indeed, understanding the deterioration mechanisms and regularities of engine oils induced by biodiesel is of important theoretical and practical significances, not only for effective lubrication of biodiesel engines, thus improving engine efficiency and extending engine life, but also for long-term devlopment of biodiesel industry. In the present project, the effect of structures of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) on oxidation of engine base oils and degradation of oil additives will be investigated, and the relationship between FAME structure and deterioration characteristics of engine oils will be built. Furthermore, the impact of biodiesels on lubrication chemical characteristics of engine oils such as oxidationstability, detergency, dispersancy, antiwear and friction-reducing abilities, and corrosiveness, will be intensively studied. The deterioration mechanisms and regularities of engine oils induced by biodiesels will be explored. Finally, a math model characterizing deterioration of biodiesel engine oils will be established based on the variation of lubrication chemical parameters of engine oils. In the nature of things, the present investigation is expected to lay a solid lubrication chemical foundation for scientific lubrication of biodiesel engines.

生物柴油显著诱导发动机润滑油润滑化学特性衰变。生物柴油诱导的发动机润滑油性能衰变的润滑化学问题，是生物柴油作为清洁、可再生石油替代燃料在不断发展和推广应用的进程中亟待研究、认识和解决的新的重要科学技术问题，目前尚未引起国内外足够重视，迄今为止相关研究很少且欠系统深入。研究并揭示生物柴油诱导发动机润滑油润滑化学特性衰变的机制与规律，对有效控制生物柴油发动机润滑，提高发动机效能和寿命，促进生物柴油产业发展具有十分重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。本项目拟在研究脂肪酸甲酯结构对发动机油基础油氧化、添加剂降解影响的基础上，建立生物柴油对发动机油性能影响的构性关联，进而系统研究生物柴油对发动机油氧化安定性、清净分散性、抗磨减摩性、腐蚀性等润滑化学特性的影响机制和规律，并构建基于润滑化学特性参数表达的、描述生物柴油发动机油性能衰变失效的数学模型，为有效控制生物柴油发动机润滑构筑相关润滑化学理论和应用基础。