区域构造联合/复合变形场与应力场遥感图像“分层”解析理论及方法

Remote sensing images display mainly the last results of tectonic movements in the geological history of an area，it certainly records identification information on tectonic deformations in the periods. In this study, aiming at some problems in the traditional geological method of recovering structural stress field and deformation field and based on our many research results and practices on the structural deformation, with comprehensive analysis of the structural deformation field characteristics of some typical structural compounding- combine deformation areas in the Sichuan, Guizhou provinces, a new theory and method for recovering regional tectonic stress field and deformation field phase-separation analysis method of remote sensing image information would be proposed. The phase-separation analysis method of remote sensing image information for regional tectonic stress field and deformation field is a means by which, macro-folds, related major transverse tensional joints, major conjugate shear joints, and other fractures which can reflect regional tectonic stress state are systematically and phase separately interpreted with the remote sensing images based on the dialectical relationship between remote sensing image factors and the phase-separation principle of geological interpretation of remote sensing images. The tectonic deformation fields are then determined through a comprehensive analysis of the macro-structures, the related fracture system, the distribution of those joints in space, and their relation to the tectonic deformation. Finally, according to the characteristics of the tectonic deformation field, the structural stress states during different periods of rock deformation are reconstructed, and related stress fields are recovered. The method is mainly suitable for areas of buckle folding. The research result broadens the theoretical basis and new application ideas of remote sensing geology and structural geology，and it takes a very important science place on structural geology，geological mechanics and other disciplines' theoretical research。Meantime，the result has an extensive application prospect on practical work such as petroleum geology，seismic geology and prospecting exploration etc.

遥感图像显现的地质构造形迹是地史以来地壳运动的最终结果,包含有历次构造变动的"标型"特征信息。本项目针对传统构造应力场地质研究方法存在的问题，在多年科研成果及实践基础上,选择四川、贵州等典型构造联合/复合变形区,采用遥感信息场分层解析原理及方法,通过宏观构造(褶皱及较大断裂)和相对微观构造(遥感大节理，特别是横张大节理)的遥感图像处理和解译、结合野外调研及典型构造应力场的数学物理模拟实验,查明遥感大节理等岩石破裂与构造变形在时、空及岩石力学性质上的成因联系,重建构造变形场的图像识别模型,通过构造变形场特征的综合分析研究反演其构造应力场。在此基础上，建立区域构造联合/复合变形场与应力场遥感图像"分层"解析方法及其理论。研究成果拓宽遥感地质学、构造地质学基础理论研究和应用研究新思路,对构造地质学、地质力学等学科理论研究和石油地质、地震地质及找矿勘探等实际工作,具有重要科学意义和广泛的应用前景。

区域构造联合-复合叠加分析及其古构造变形场、应力场反演是国内外构造地质学等学科领域研究的热点和前缘课题之一。由于地质因素复杂性及受野外岩石露头或通行以及地质点、线观测等条件限制，所得成果往往精度低且很难达到要求和精准。本项目在多年研究成果基础上，选择云、贵、川等地典型构造变形区，采用遥感信息场分层解析理论及方法，主要研究内容：⑴多期次构造变形场中岩层形变及其破裂典型标志/标示性信息的遥感影像模式及其信息分离，⑵垂层横张遥感大节理系统性状特征及⑶各期次构造变形场分层解析及应力场重建。提交主要成果：⑴提出了垂层“横张遥感大节理”的概念,并在理论上提出了遥感“大节理”总是在野外同组构造"小节理"优势方位上发育发展的论点，⑵提出了区域构造变形及应力场遥感图像“分层（构造层）”解析理论及方法， ⑶提出了遥感线性构造和环形构造及有关的放射状大节理有机组合量化计算构造应力场的方法。. 本方法充分发挥遥感图像地质构造形迹具高度概括性、真实性和相关信息系统性、连续性等特点，与传统地质方法和遥感方法比较，本方法具简便易行、可靠、省时省力等优点。应用本方法从错综复杂的多期次复合叠加构造背景中分离/分层（构造层）解析、提取宏观褶皱和构造组合及与其有关的横张遥感大节理系统，重建其构造变形场以此反演相应应力场，从根本上解决了传统地质方法在野外现场观测岩石破裂和其它构造要素时，由于环境、交通条件限制、以及点、线观测有关信息不连续等局限性而不易排除干扰和节理分期、配套以及共轭角大小等易出问题的缺陷，同时也从理论上及技术上克服和弥补了国内外同类研究中只重线性构造而较少分析其它构造性质及构造组合和难分构造期次的缺点。本方法及其理论的提出，拓宽了遥感技术构造变形及应力场基础理论研究和应用基础研究领域新思路，将对构造地质学等学科理论研究及地震地质、石油地质和找矿勘探等工作，具重要科学意义和广泛的应用前景。

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