青藏高原唐古拉山冰芯中生物质燃烧记录研究

The Tanggula Mountains is an important dividing line of climate changes between the northern and the southern Tibetan Plateau. Ice cores from there might provide much information of climatic and environmental changes over the Tibetan Plateau. This project plans to drill a deep ice core from the central of the Tanggula Mountains. By analysis of the ice core records, we will reconstruct the climatic and environmental changes over the past 500 years. The palofire study has drawn much attention. We will analyze the variations in concentration of levoglucosan, a specific molecular maker of biomass burning, in the ice core, and reveal the paleofire activity over the past 500 year. Meanwhile, we also analyze the Cs-137 and Sr-90 in the ice core, which will display the history of human nuclear tests and nuclear accidents.

唐古拉山是青藏高原南北气候变化差异的重要界限，该区域冰川中蕴藏着大量的气候环境变化信息。本项目计划在唐古拉山垭口附近的龙匣宰龙巴冰川北侧区域钻取透底冰芯，通过对该冰芯中各种气候环境指标的分析，建立该地区近500年来的气候环境变化记录。利用冰芯记录研究地球古火活动，已成为冰芯研究的的一个崭新领域。生物质燃烧是左旋葡聚糖的唯一来源，通过对唐古拉冰芯中左旋葡聚糖含量/沉积通量的分析与研究，揭示其源区植被火情活动的变化历史，结合气候变化资料，阐明气候变化对植被火情活动的影响。这一研究对理解历史时期地球的碳循环过程具有重要意义。同时，本研究还将利用青藏高原冰芯来研究人类核试验/核事故的历史，确立青藏高原冰雪中Cs-137和Sr-90沉积通量的环境本底，为核辐射污染的环境评价提供依据。