微纳复合结构中表面等离激元孤子的激发、调控及性能改善

This project aims to study the formation mechanism and dynamic properties as well as evolution of several novel surface plasmon solitons in the micro/nano composite structure by using the methods of nonlinear optics and soliton theory. The advantages of (quasi) analytical methods and numerical methods as well as experimental methods are taken here. The dynamic mechanism of novel surface plasmon soltions is revealed to control them and improve their properties. In the aspect of theoretical methods research, a set of effective (quasi) analytical and numerical methods is formed for the analysis of surface plasmon solitons. In the scientific level, a clear physical image of novel plasmonic soliton dynamics is established to understand their novelty features and potential applications. In the aspect of experimental research, the new structure of surface plasmon complex structure is prepared by making full use of the advantages of new materials such as grapheme and new structures such as whispering-gallery-mode cavity. The similarities and differences of mode characteristics and the dispersion curve of micro/nano composite structure with traditional metal and graphene are also explored. This project will profoundly reveals the coupling mechanism of surface plasmon polaritons in composite structures. The ultimate goal is to achieve a stable and long-distance-transmissed subwavelength plasmonic soliton with high quality factor and low threshold. The comprehensive results have potential value for the fundamental research of surface plasmon polaritons and application of nonlinear optics. It also provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the research and development of miniaturized and integrated micro/nano optoelectronic devices and break through the diffraction limit.

本项目旨在运用非线性光学和孤立子理论的研究方法，发挥（准）解析方法和数值方法以及实验各自的优势，探讨微纳复合结构中各种新型表面等离激元孤子的形成机理、动力学特性和演化规律，实现孤子的可控调谐和性能改善。理论方法上力求形成一套有效研究表面等离激元孤子的（准）解析和数值方法。科学层面上力求建立清晰的表面等离激元孤子的动力学过程物理图象，了解孤子的新奇特征和潜在应用。实验技术上力求发挥石墨烯等新材料和回音壁模谐振腔的优势，制备出新型结构的表面等离激元复合结构，了解其与传统金属微纳复合结构在模式特征和色散曲线等特性上的异同。本项目将深刻揭示复合结构中表面等离激元的耦合机理，以期实现高品质因子、低激发阈值的亚波长表面等离激元孤子长距离稳定传输。这对于表面等离激元的基础研究和非线性光学的应用具有潜在价值，最终为突破衍射极限、小型集成化的微纳光电子器件的研发提供理论依据与技术支撑。

微纳复合结构中各种表面等离激元孤子的研究是目前非线性光学领域重要、前沿的课题之一。本项目运用非线性光学和孤立子理论的研究方法，发挥（准）解析方法和数值方法以及实验各自的优势，研究了微纳复合结构中各种新型表面等离激元孤子的形成机理、动力学特性和演化规律，实现了孤子的可控调谐和性能改善。首先，构建了研究微纳复合结构中表面等离激元孤子动力学特性的非线性模型，并改进了研究这些模型的方法，如分数阶映射方程法、分数阶双函数法、PINN深度学习方法、物理信息神经网络等多种方法。其次，研究了各种新型孤子（包括离散孤子、涡旋孤子、PT 对称孤子、耗散孤子、矢量孤子等）的激发条件和动力学特性。接着研究了孤子的稳定条件和稳定区域、孤子的对称性破缺产生的条件和阈值，以及对称孤子、反对称和非对称孤子的稳定区间，并探讨了三五次非线性、饱和非线性等多种非线性、高阶色散/衍射、PT对称外势等参量对孤子的调控。最后，实验制备了VSe2/GO、Sb2Se3/GO等多种微纳复合结构，基于氧化石墨烯和硒化锑等新材料和回音壁模谐振腔的优势，在实验中实现了孤子的输出和性能的改善，拓展了其在超快激光、光电探测、信息存储等方面的应用。本项目形成了一套研究表面等离激元孤子的解析和数值方法，深刻揭示了微纳复合结构中孤子的动力学过程物理图像及其新奇特性和潜在应用，为非线性光学的基础研究和小型化的微纳光电子器件的研发提供了重要的理论依据与技术支撑。

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