铀矿区植物生物地球化学效应特征及波谱响应机制研究

The shielding effect of vegetation is the difficulty for remote sensing information extraction and application in vegetation coverage area . Our previous research showed that Plants growing in the soil with high heavy metal element content, such as pinus massoniana 、eucalyptus 、 poison sumac and liriodendron, the heavy metal element content, pigment content, reflectance spectra characteristics and cellular structure mutation is different from the Plants growing in the normal soil, and has a certain corresponding relationship between each other. Based on this findings, the project select the advantage plant as the research object in GuangDong XiaZhuan Uranium mining area, combined the experiment research and mathematical modeling, through the combination of rock-soil-plant (roots, stems, leaves) system sampling and spectrum synchronous test, combined with field heavy metal plant stress test and laboratory analysis, research the synergistic effect and plant spectral response fine features of the Uranium mineralization related U and associated heavy metal element combination plant stress, explore the corresponding relations between Uranium area geochemical anomaly - biogeochemical effect - plant spectral variation characteristics; Through the many factors and many parameters of nonlinear fitting, establish the high spectrum biological geochemical anomaly information identification model and related to the Uranium mineralization in high vegetation coverage area, it provide theoretical and technical support fot hyperspectral remote sensing mineralizing anomaly information extraction and has the important theory and application value.

植被的屏蔽效应是植被覆盖区遥感信息提取与应用的难点。我们前期研究发现，重金属异常土壤上生长的马尾松、桉树、盐肤木和鹅掌楸等植物叶片重金属元素含量、色素含量、细胞结构和反射波谱特征等出现一定程度变异，并且相互之间有一定对应关系。在此基础上，本项目以广东下庄铀矿区优势植物为研究对象，实验研究、数学模拟相结合，通过岩石—土壤—植物系统采样和波谱同步测试，结合野外重金属植物胁迫实验和室内分析模拟，研究与铀矿化相关的重金属多元素组合植物胁迫生物地球化学效应特征及植物波谱响应机制，探索铀矿（化）区地球化学异常→生物地球化学效应→植物波谱变异特征的对应关系；通过多元素、多参数非线性拟合，建立与铀矿化相关的高光谱生物地球化学异常信息识别模型，为高植被覆盖区遥感地质、环境信息提取提供理论和技术支撑，具有重要的理论和应用价值。