基于多样本遥感观测的风能与太阳能发电设施对局地气候的影响

Developing renewable energies such as wind and solar power is an important way for China to cope with climate change. The development of wind and solar energy could have a series of effects on ecology and local climate condition because wind and solar facilities modify land surface characteristics. Therefore, a deep understanding of the climate impacts of wind and solar energy development and their underlying mechanisms is required to achieve the sustainable use of renewable energy. Given the relatively few studies in this area, the proposed project aims to collect more-than-one-hundred samples of established wind and solar power facilities worldwide, and then utilizes remote sensing data from MODIS to quantify their impacts on surface characteristics (such as albedo and vegetation) and local climate. Analyzing such a large global sample set of wind and solar power facilities will enable us to explore the local climate effects of wind and solar power facilities in terms of temporal variations on the daily and seasonal scales, as well as the spatial variations across different land surface types, different vegetation conditions, and different climate conditions, and it will also help us to identify the main influencing factors that underlie the temporal and spatial variations in their local climate effects. This project will improve the scientific understanding of the impacts of renewable energy on climate and provide important scientific guidance for the planning and construction of wind and solar power in China.

大力发展风能与太阳能可再生能源是我国应对气候变化的重要途径。风能与太阳能建设通过改变地表特征会对生态与局地气候环境造成一系列影响。因此，深入认识风能与太阳能开发的气候效应及其形成机制，是实现可再生能源可持续利用必须面临的问题。鉴于国内外在此方面的研究比较少，本项目在全球范围内收集上百个已建风能与太阳能发电设施样本，在此基础上利用MODIS卫星遥感观测资料定量评估风能与太阳能发电设施对地表特征如反照率、植被指数以及局地气候的影响，通过多样本分析风能与太阳能发电设施的局地气候效应在日尺度与季节尺度的时间变化特征，探究其局地气候效应在不同地表类型、不同植被、不同气候条件下的空间分异特征，揭示风能与太阳能发电设施局地气候效应时空变化的主要影响因素。本研究能够深化对可再生能源气候影响的科学认识，为我国风电与太阳能发电规划与建设提供重要科学理论依据。