组合式棒介质高梯度磁选的丝径匹配及构造机理研究

Cylindrical rod matrix presents one of the key technologies in the pulsating high gradient magnetic separaiton of fine weakly magnetic ores, due to its reliable operation, simple combination and resistance to mechanical entrainment. However, some basic scientific problems are still not fully solved to improve its magnetic capture efficienccy..The single diameter rod matrix, which is now widely used in industry, has the disadvantage of only capturing narrow-sized magnetic minerals from material. Therefore, in this project, a combinative rod matrix inclusive of different diameter rod elements is proposed to solve this problem; and using Equal Magnetic Force Equation and two new methods of Slice Matrix Analysis and Rapid Solidation for Accumulated Minerals, the following investigations will be carried out: ① the size matching between rod element and magnetic particle diameters and its effect on separating parameters such as mineral magnetism and magnetic induction, as well as the accumulative characteristics of magnetic minerals captured onto the elements; ② the relation between thc configuraiton of the combinative rod matrix (such as combinative mode, size ratio and spacings between rod elments) and the material properties and separating conditions, as well as the combinative mechanism of rod elements; and ③ the particle size selectivity, magnetic capture probability and dynamics, equation of mineral motion and the characteristics of magnetic minerals accumulated onto elements in the matrix. This project theorectically esbtalishes the constructural principle and method for combinative rod matrix in close correlation with the material property and practical separating conditions, to improve the magnetic capture efficieny of rod matrix. It will provide a new approach in improving the high gradient magnetic separation performance and realize the theorectical and technological innovations in the field of high gradient magnetic separation.

圆柱形棒介质工作可靠，易于排列组合优化，不易堵塞，是脉动高梯度磁选细粒弱磁性矿的关键技术之一，但有利于提高棒介质磁力捕获效率的一些基础科学问题研究还不够。.针对生产过程中单一直径棒介质仅高效捕获窄粒级磁性矿粒的问题，提出多种丝径组合式棒介质，应用等磁力关系式及单元介质分析和矿粒积聚快速固结新方法，重点研究：①介质丝径与矿粒粒度的尺度匹配及其对矿物磁性、磁感应强度等分选因素的影响，以及磁性矿粒在介质丝表面的积聚形态；②组合式棒介质构造（组合模式、丝径比、丝间距等）与物料性质和分选条件的关联性及其组合机理；③最佳组合棒介质的粒级选择性、磁力捕获概率与动力学、矿粒运动方程及矿粒积聚形态等。本项目从理论上建立基于物料性质和实际分选环境的组合式棒介质构造原理与方法，提高棒介质的磁力捕获效率，这将为提升高梯度磁选效能开辟一条新途径，实现高梯度磁选理论与技术创新。

圆柱形棒介质工作可靠，易于排列组合优化，不易堵塞，是脉动高梯度磁选细粒弱磁性矿的关键技术之一。当前，脉动高梯度磁选采用单一直径棒介质，可以高效捕获物料中的窄粒级磁性矿物，对宽粒级矿物则捕获效率有所降低。本项目提出多丝径组合式棒介质并开展捕获机理研究，探索提升脉动高梯度磁选效能的新途径，因此具有重要的理论和应用价值。.本项目通过理论、模拟和试验研究：（1）通过发明一种磁介质单丝捕获分析方法，准确分析了磁介质单丝的捕获量和选择性，建立了介质丝径与物料性质和捕获条件的关联性，为组合式棒介质优化设计提供了基础数据。（2）应用磁介质单丝捕获分析方法，研究了磁介质丝径、丝间距和组合模式对磁介质捕获性能的影响。（3）针对磁介质单丝最大捕获概率和临界捕获两种特殊情况，建立了介质丝径与矿物粒度的匹配新模型；与传统匹配模型相比，该模型计算值更符合生产实际值。应用上述发明方法，对新模型进行了试验验证，结果与模型计算值吻合。新模型为多丝径组合式棒介质的优化设计提供了理论依据。（4）应用COMSOL Multiphysics模拟软件，对单一直径和多丝径组合式磁介质周围磁场和流场特性进行了模拟仿真分析，预测并描绘了矿粒的运动轨迹；在此基础上，分析了磁介质组合模式与分选物料粒度的关联性，并进行了试验验证研究。研究发现，与单一直径磁介质比较，组合式棒介质更能兼顾捕获粗、细粒磁性矿粒，其捕获性能优于单一直径棒介质。（5）最后，综合理论与试验研究成果，总结归纳出了一种科学的多丝径组合式棒介质构造原理与方法。.本项目研究成果，为多丝径组合棒介质的优化设计提供了理论依据和技术途径，将促进高梯度磁理论与技术的发展进步。

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