涉河工程群对河流演变的累积效应及综合评估方法研究

Engineering groups are the constructions built in river basin in order develop and govern rivers. With the intensification of human activities, the number of engineering projects increased. However, People have paid attention to the react of the river basin to the single engineering and the accumulative and concatenated influences of engineering group have been ignored. This research project will take investigations on the accumulative influence of engineering group on the fluvial processes and its comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the field data of typical river reaches which are influenced by engineering group, we will classify the engineering and sum up the characteristic parameters of different engineering. And then carry out the laboratory experiments to study the influence of single and group engineering on flow, sediment transport and river evolution and discover the mechanism of flow and sediment variation. We will also analyze the influence weight of single engineering and the accumulative influence factors of engineering group to the river system, and propose the index parameters that can describe the influence of engineering group on the river system to establish the comprehensive evaluation system of the accumulative influences of engineering group. This research deals with the interdiscipline of Hydraulics, Fluvial Dynamics, Sediment Transport Mechanics, Hydro-informatics, Hydro-ecology and is also of great academic value and a good guidance to the river development and management.

涉河工程是人类为了开发利用河流而在河流系统中兴建的工程建筑物。随着人类活动加剧，河流中的各类工程日益增多。以往较多关注的是河流对单个工程的响应，而忽略了河流在多个涉河工程设施的联合扰动下引起的叠加响应和连锁反应。本课题拟选取典型河段进行涉河工程调查，在调查的基础上对涉河工程进行分类，分析归纳不同类型涉河工程的特征参数，进而对涉河工程（群）进行室内实验研究，概化研究单个工程及工程群对水流、泥沙、河床等重要水沙特征参数的影响规律, 提出在涉河工程群影响下水沙变异机理及河流调整机理；分析确定单个工程对河流演变影响的权重及涉河工程群对河流演变累积影响效应的主要因素；提出表达涉河工程群影响河流演变的指标参数，构建涉河工程群对河流演变累积影响的综合评估系统。本研究属水力学、河流动力学、泥沙运动力学、水信息学、生态水力学等多学科交叉研究，对人类开发、治理和管理河流具有重要学术价值和工程实际意